unpack-trees: skip stat on fsmonitor-valid files

The index might be aware that a file hasn't modified via fsmonitor, but
unpack-trees did not pay attention to it and checked via ie_match_stat
which can be inefficient on certain filesystems. This significantly slows
down commands that run oneway_merge, like checkout and reset --hard.

This patch makes oneway_merge check whether a file is considered
unchanged through fsmonitor and skips ie_match_stat on it. unpack-trees
also now correctly copies over fsmonitor validity state from the source
index. Finally, for correctness, we force a refresh of fsmonitor state in
tweak_fsmonitor.

After this change, commands like stash (that use reset --hard
internally) go from 8s or more to ~2s on a 250k file repository on a
mac.

Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Kevin Willford <Kevin.Willford@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Utsav Shah <utsav@dropbox.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

fsmonitor.c

@@ -191,12 +191,25 @@ void refresh_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate)
 		}
 		if (bol < query_result.len)
 			fsmonitor_refresh_callback(istate, buf + bol);
+
+		/* Now mark the untracked cache for fsmonitor usage */
+		if (istate->untracked)
+			istate->untracked->use_fsmonitor = 1;
 	} else {
+
+		/* We only want to run the post index changed hook if we've actually changed entries, so keep track
+		 * if we actually changed entries or not */
+		int is_cache_changed = 0;
 		/* Mark all entries invalid */
-		for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++)
+		for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+			if (istate->cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID) {
+				is_cache_changed = 1;
 				istate->cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_FSMONITOR_VALID;
+			}
+		}
 
 		/* If we're going to check every file, ensure we save the results */
+		if (is_cache_changed)
 			istate->cache_changed |= FSMONITOR_CHANGED;
 
 		if (istate->untracked)
@@ -259,9 +272,7 @@ void tweak_fsmonitor(struct index_state *istate)
 				    (uintmax_t)istate->fsmonitor_dirty->bit_size, istate->cache_nr);
 			ewah_each_bit(istate->fsmonitor_dirty, fsmonitor_ewah_callback, istate);
 
-			/* Now mark the untracked cache for fsmonitor usage */
+			refresh_fsmonitor(istate);
-			if (istate->untracked)
-				istate->untracked->use_fsmonitor = 1;
 		}
 
 		ewah_free(istate->fsmonitor_dirty);

t/t7519-status-fsmonitor.sh

@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ EOF
 
 # test that "update-index --fsmonitor-valid" sets the fsmonitor valid bit
 test_expect_success 'update-index --fsmonitor-valid" sets the fsmonitor valid bit' '
+	write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF &&
+	EOF
 	git update-index --fsmonitor &&
 	git update-index --fsmonitor-valid dir1/modified &&
 	git update-index --fsmonitor-valid dir2/modified &&
@@ -164,6 +166,8 @@ EOF
 
 # test that newly added files are marked valid
 test_expect_success 'newly added files are marked valid' '
+	write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF &&
+	EOF
 	git add new &&
 	git add dir1/new &&
 	git add dir2/new &&
@@ -218,11 +222,12 @@ test_expect_success '*only* files returned by the integration script get flagged
 # Ensure commands that call refresh_index() to move the index back in time
 # properly invalidate the fsmonitor cache
 test_expect_success 'refresh_index() invalidates fsmonitor cache' '
-	write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF &&
-	EOF
 	clean_repo &&
 	dirty_repo &&
+	write_integration_script &&
 	git add . &&
+	write_script .git/hooks/fsmonitor-test<<-\EOF &&
+	EOF
 	git commit -m "to reset" &&
 	git reset HEAD~1 &&
 	git status >actual &&

unpack-trees.c

@@ -1494,6 +1494,9 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 	o->merge_size = len;
 	mark_all_ce_unused(o->src_index);
 
+	if (o->src_index->fsmonitor_last_update)
+		o->result.fsmonitor_last_update = o->src_index->fsmonitor_last_update;
+
 	/*
 	 * Sparse checkout loop #1: set NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE on existing entries
 	 */
@@ -2374,7 +2377,8 @@ int oneway_merge(const struct cache_entry * const *src,
 
 	if (old && same(old, a)) {
 		int update = 0;
-		if (o->reset && o->update && !ce_uptodate(old) && !ce_skip_worktree(old)) {
+		if (o->reset && o->update && !ce_uptodate(old) && !ce_skip_worktree(old) &&
+			!(old->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID)) {
 			struct stat st;
 			if (lstat(old->name, &st) ||
 			    ie_match_stat(o->src_index, old, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE))