On Windows, executables need to have the file extension `.exe`, or they
are not executables. Hence, to support scripts, Git for Windows also
looks for a she-bang line by opening the file in question, and executing
it via the specified script interpreter.
To figure out whether files in the `PATH` are executable, `git help` has
code that imitates this behavior. With one exception: it *always* opens
the files and looks for a she-bang line *or* an `MZ` tell-tale
(nevermind that files with the magic `MZ` but without file extension
`.exe` would still not be executable).
Opening this many files leads to performance problems that are even more
serious when a virus scanner is running. Therefore, let's change the
code to look for the file extension `.exe` early, and avoid opening the
file altogether if we already know that it is executable.
See the following measurements (in seconds) as an example, where we
execute a simple program that simply lists the directory contents and
calls open() on every listed file:
With virus scanner running (coldcache):
$ ./a.exe /libexec/git-core/
before open (git-add.exe): 0.000000
after open (git-add.exe): 0.412873
before open (git-annotate.exe): 0.000175
after open (git-annotate.exe): 0.397925
before open (git-apply.exe): 0.000243
after open (git-apply.exe): 0.399996
before open (git-archive.exe): 0.000147
after open (git-archive.exe): 0.397783
before open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.000160
after open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.397700
before open (git-blame.exe): 0.000160
after open (git-blame.exe): 0.399136
...
With virus scanner running (hotcache):
$ ./a.exe /libexec/git-core/
before open (git-add.exe): 0.000000
after open (git-add.exe): 0.000325
before open (git-annotate.exe): 0.000229
after open (git-annotate.exe): 0.000177
before open (git-apply.exe): 0.000167
after open (git-apply.exe): 0.000150
before open (git-archive.exe): 0.000154
after open (git-archive.exe): 0.000156
before open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.000132
after open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.000180
before open (git-blame.exe): 0.000718
after open (git-blame.exe): 0.000724
...
With this patch I get:
$ time git help git
Launching default browser to display HTML ...
real 0m8.723s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
and without
$ time git help git
Launching default browser to display HTML ...
real 1m37.734s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.031s
both tests with cold cache and giving the machine some time to settle
down after restart.
[jes: adjusted the commit message]
Signed-off-by: Heiko Voigt <heiko.voigt@mahr.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Apply the semantic patch contrib/coccinelle/qsort.cocci to the code
base, replacing calls of qsort(3) with QSORT. The resulting code is
shorter and supports empty arrays with NULL pointers.
Signed-off-by: Rene Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Git's source code refers to timestamps as unsigned longs. On 32-bit
platforms, as well as on Windows, unsigned long is not large enough
to capture dates that are "absurdly far in the future".
While we can fix this issue properly by replacing unsigned long with
a larger type, we want to be a bit more conservative and just skip
those tests on the maint track.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Using FLEX_ARRAY macros reduces the amount of manual
computation size we have to do. It also ensures we don't
overflow size_t, and it makes sure we write the same number
of bytes that we allocated.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We want to use the new function elsewhere in a moment.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
for_each_ref() callback functions were taught to name the objects
not with "unsigned char sha1[20]" but with "struct object_id".
* bc/object-id: (56 commits)
struct ref_lock: convert old_sha1 member to object_id
warn_if_dangling_symref(): convert local variable "junk" to object_id
each_ref_fn_adapter(): remove adapter
rev_list_insert_ref(): remove unneeded arguments
rev_list_insert_ref_oid(): new function, taking an object_oid
mark_complete(): remove unneeded arguments
mark_complete_oid(): new function, taking an object_oid
clear_marks(): rewrite to take an object_id argument
mark_complete(): rewrite to take an object_id argument
send_ref(): convert local variable "peeled" to object_id
upload-pack: rewrite functions to take object_id arguments
find_symref(): convert local variable "unused" to object_id
find_symref(): rewrite to take an object_id argument
write_one_ref(): rewrite to take an object_id argument
write_refs_to_temp_dir(): convert local variable sha1 to object_id
submodule: rewrite to take an object_id argument
shallow: rewrite functions to take object_id arguments
handle_one_ref(): rewrite to take an object_id argument
add_info_ref(): rewrite to take an object_id argument
handle_one_reflog(): rewrite to take an object_id argument
...
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Change typedef each_ref_fn to take a "const struct object_id *oid"
parameter instead of "const unsigned char *sha1".
To aid this transition, implement an adapter that can be used to wrap
old-style functions matching the old typedef, which is now called
"each_ref_sha1_fn"), and make such functions callable via the new
interface. This requires the old function and its cb_data to be
wrapped in a "struct each_ref_fn_sha1_adapter", and that object to be
used as the cb_data for an adapter function, each_ref_fn_adapter().
This is an enormous diff, but most of it consists of simple,
mechanical changes to the sites that call any of the "for_each_ref"
family of functions. Subsequent to this change, the call sites can be
rewritten one by one to use the new interface.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
'git help' shows common commands in alphabetical order:
The most commonly used git commands are:
add Add file contents to the index
bisect Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
branch List, create, or delete branches
checkout Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
clone Clone a repository into a new directory
commit Record changes to the repository
[...]
without any indication of how commands relate to high-level
concepts or each other. Revise the output to explain their relationship
with the typical Git workflow:
These are common Git commands used in various situations:
start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)
clone Clone a repository into a new directory
init Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize [...]
work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)
add Add file contents to the index
reset Reset current HEAD to the specified state
examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)
log Show commit logs
status Show the working tree status
[...]
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Sébastien Guimmara <sebastien.guimmara@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We actually want to have the size of one 'name' and not the size
of the pointer.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <stefanbeller@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
* jk/strip-suffix:
prepare_packed_git_one: refactor duplicate-pack check
verify-pack: use strbuf_strip_suffix
strbuf: implement strbuf_strip_suffix
index-pack: use strip_suffix to avoid magic numbers
use strip_suffix instead of ends_with in simple cases
replace has_extension with ends_with
implement ends_with via strip_suffix
add strip_suffix function
sha1_file: replace PATH_MAX buffer with strbuf in prepare_packed_git_one()
When stripping a suffix like:
if (ends_with(str, "foo"))
buf = xmemdupz(str, strlen(str) - 3);
we can instead use strip_suffix to avoid the constant 3,
which must match the literal "foo" (we sometimes use
strlen("foo") instead, but that means we are repeating
ourselves). The example above becomes:
if (strip_suffix(str, "foo", &len))
buf = xmemdupz(str, len);
This also saves a strlen(), since we calculate the string
length when detecting the suffix.
Note that in some cases we also switch from xstrndup to
xmemdupz, which saves a further strlen call.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
These two are almost the same function, with the exception
that has_extension only matches if there is content before
the suffix. So ends_with(".exe", ".exe") is true, but
has_extension would not be.
This distinction does not matter to any of the callers,
though, and we can just replace uses of has_extension with
ends_with. We prefer the "ends_with" name because it is more
generic, and there is nothing about the function that
requires it to be used for file extensions.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In some cases, we use starts_with to check for a prefix, and
then use an already-calculated prefix length to advance a
pointer past the prefix. There are no magic numbers or
duplicated strings here, but we can still make the code
simpler and more obvious by using skip_prefix.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
It's a common idiom to match a prefix and then skip past it
with strlen, like:
if (starts_with(foo, "bar"))
foo += strlen("bar");
This avoids magic numbers, but means we have to repeat the
string (and there is no compiler check that we didn't make a
typo in one of the strings).
We can use skip_prefix to handle this case without repeating
ourselves.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
It's a common idiom to match a prefix and then skip past it
with a magic number, like:
if (starts_with(foo, "bar"))
foo += 3;
This is easy to get wrong, since you have to count the
prefix string yourself, and there's no compiler check if the
string changes. We can use skip_prefix to avoid the magic
numbers here.
Note that some of these conversions could be much shorter.
For example:
if (starts_with(arg, "--foo=")) {
bar = arg + 6;
continue;
}
could become:
if (skip_prefix(arg, "--foo=", &bar))
continue;
However, I have left it as:
if (skip_prefix(arg, "--foo=", &v)) {
bar = v;
continue;
}
to visually match nearby cases which need to actually
process the string. Like:
if (skip_prefix(arg, "--foo=", &v)) {
bar = atoi(v);
continue;
}
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The part "string_list" of the name of function
"pretty_print_string_list" is just an implementation
detail. The function pretty-prints command names so
rename it to "pretty_print_cmdnames".
Signed-off-by: Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Leaving only the function definitions and declarations so that any
new topic in flight can still make use of the old functions, replace
existing uses of the prefixcmp() and suffixcmp() with new API
functions.
The change can be recreated by mechanically applying this:
$ git grep -l -e prefixcmp -e suffixcmp -- \*.c |
grep -v strbuf\\.c |
xargs perl -pi -e '
s|!prefixcmp\(|starts_with\(|g;
s|prefixcmp\(|!starts_with\(|g;
s|!suffixcmp\(|ends_with\(|g;
s|suffixcmp\(|!ends_with\(|g;
'
on the result of preparatory changes in this series.
Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Commit adbc0b6b ("cygwin: Use native Win32 API for stat", 30-09-2008)
added a Win32 specific implementation of the stat functions. In order
to handle absolute paths, cygwin mount points and symbolic links, this
implementation may fall back on the standard cygwin l/stat() functions.
Also, the choice of cygwin or Win32 functions is made lazily (by the
first call(s) to l/stat) based on the state of some config variables.
Unfortunately, this "schizophrenic stat" implementation has been the
source of many problems ever since. For example, see commits 7faee6b8,
79748439, 452993c2, 085479e7, b8a97333, 924aaf3e, 05bab3ea and 0117c2f0.
In order to avoid further problems, such as the issue raised by the new
reference handling API, remove the Win32 l/stat() implementation.
Signed-off-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Update build for Cygwin 1.[57]. Torsten Bögershausen reports that
this is fine with Cygwin 1.7 ($gmane/225824) so let's try moving it
ahead.
* rj/mingw-cygwin:
cygwin: Remove the CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API build variable
mingw: rename WIN32 cpp macro to GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
When the user gives an unknown string to a command that expects to
get a ref, we could be more helpful than just saying "that's not a
ref" and die.
Add helper function help_unknown_ref() to take care of displaying an
error message along with a list of suggested refs the user might
have meant. An interaction with "git merge" might go like this:
$ git merge foo
merge: foo - not something we can merge
Did you mean one of these?
origin/foo
upstream/foo
Signed-off-by: Vikrant Varma <vikrant.varma94@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Throughout git, it is assumed that the WIN32 preprocessor symbol is
defined on native Windows setups (mingw and msvc) and not on Cygwin.
On Cygwin, most of the time git can pretend this is just another Unix
machine, and Windows-specific magic is generally counterproductive.
Unfortunately Cygwin *does* define the WIN32 symbol in some headers.
Best to rely on a new git-specific symbol GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE instead,
defined as follows:
#if defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
# define GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE
#endif
After this change, it should be possible to drop the
CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API setting without any negative effect.
[rj: %s/WINDOWS_NATIVE/GIT_WINDOWS_NATIVE/g ]
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
External projects have been known to parse the output of
"git version". Help prevent future authors from changing
its format by adding a comment to its implementation.
Signed-off-by: David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This header not only declares but also defines the contents of the
array that holds the list of command names and help text. Do not
include it in multiple places to waste text space.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Command name removed from the list of commands via the exclusion
were overwritten and lost without being freed.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We observe that the j-1 element can serve the same purpose as the i-1
element that we use in the strcmp(); it is either:
1. Exactly i-1, when the loop begins (and until we see a duplicate).
2. The same pointer that was stored at i-1 (if it was not a duplicate,
and we just copied it into place).
3. A pointer to an equivalent string (i.e., we rejected i-1 _because_
it was identical to j-1).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Tay Ray Chuan <rctay89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The global git_version_string currently lives in git.c, but
doesn't have anything to do with the git wrapper. Let's move
it into its own file, where it will be more appropriate to
build more version-related functions.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Before this patch, a character deletion has the same cost as 2 swaps, or
4 additions, so Git prefers suggesting a completely scrambled command
name to removing a character. For example, "git tags" suggests "stage",
but not "tag".
By setting the deletion cost to 3, we keep it higher than swaps or
additions, but prefer 1 deletion to 2 swaps. "git tags" now suggests
"tag" in addition to staged.
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
A couple of commands learn --column option to produce columnar output.
By Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy (9) and Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek (1)
* nd/columns:
tag: add --column
column: support piping stdout to external git-column process
status: add --column
branch: add --column
help: reuse print_columns() for help -a
column: add dense layout support
t9002: work around shells that are unable to set COLUMNS to 1
column: add columnar layout
Stop starting pager recursively
Add column layout skeleton and git-column
"help -a" also respects column.ui (and column.help if presents)
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We used to underline a header text, like this:
This is a header
----------------
content...
But calculating text length so that the dashes align with the text
could get complicated because the text could be in any charset in
translated Git.
There is no point to use this pseudo underline; simply a blank
line would do and it even makes it easier to read:
This is a header
content...
While at it, give translators more context to translate, e.g.
e.g. "git commands available..." instead of "%s available..."
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This patch also marks most common commands' synopsis for translation
so that "git help" gives a friendly listing.
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
term_columns() checks for terminal width via ioctl(2) on the standard
output, but we spawn the pager too early for this check to be useful.
The effect of this buglet can be observed by opening a wide terminal and
running "git -p help --all", which still shows 80-column output, while
"git help --all" uses the full terminal width. Run the check before we
spawn the pager to fix this.
While at it, move term_columns() to pager.c and export it from cache.h so
that callers other than the help subsystem can use it.
Signed-off-by: Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek <zbyszek@in.waw.pl>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When executing an external shell script like `git foo` with a bad
shebang, e.g. "#!/usr/bin/not/existing", execvp returns 127 (ENOENT).
Since help_unknown_cmd proposes the use of all external commands similar
to the name of the "unknown" command, it suggests the just failed command
again. Stop it and give some advice to the user.
Helped-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Schubert <mschub@elegosoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Test t7606-merge-custom.sh fails on cygwin when git-merge fails
with an "Could not find merge strategy 'theirs'" error, despite
the test correctly preparing an (executable) git-merge-theirs
script.
The cause of the failure is the mis-detection of the executable
status of the script, by the is_executable() function, while the
load_command_list() function is searching the path for additional
merge strategy programs.
Note that the l/stat() "functions" on cygwin are somewhat
schizophrenic (see commits adbc0b6, 7faee6b and 7974843), and
their behaviour depends on the timing of various git setup and
config function calls. In particular, until the "git_dir" has
been set (have_git_dir() returns true), the real cygwin (POSIX
emulating) l/stat() functions are called. Once "git_dir" has
been set, the "native Win32 API" implementations of l/stat()
may, or may not, be called depending on the setting of the
core.filemode and core.ignorecygwinfstricks config variables.
We also note that, since commit c869753, core.filemode is forced
to false, even on NTFS, by git-init and git-clone. A user (or a
test) can, of course, reset core.filemode to true explicitly if
the filesystem supports it (and he doesn't use any problematic
windows software). The test-suite currently runs all tests on
cygwin with core.filemode set to false.
Given the above, we see that the built-in merge strategies are
correctly detected as executable, since they are checked for
before "git_dir" is set, whereas all custom merge strategies are
not, since they are checked for after "git_dir" is set.
In order to fix the mis-detection problem, we change the code in
is_executable() to re-use the conditional WIN32 code section,
which actually looks at the content of the file to determine if
the file is executable. On cygwin we also make the additional
code conditional on the executable bit of the file mode returned
by the initial stat() call. (only the real cygwin function would
set the executable bit in the file mode.)
Signed-off-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
If someone runs "git st", the command "git status" is not suggested
because it's not one of the closest levenshtein-neighbour.
Reserve the distance of 0 for common commands where the entered command
is a prefixe, as these are often more likely to be what the user meant.
This way, "git status" is the first suggestion, while a list of possible
typos are still suggested as well.
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
If a given command is not found, then help.c tries to guess which one the
user could have meant. If help.autocorrect is 0 or unset, then a list of
suggestions is given as long as the dissimilarity between the given command
and the candidates is not excessively high. But if help.autocorrect was
non-zero (i.e., a delay after which the command is run automatically), the
latter restriction on dissimilarity was not obeyed.
In my case, this happened:
$ git ..daab02
WARNING: You called a Git command named '..daab02', which does not exist.
Continuing under the assumption that you meant 'read-tree'
in 4.0 seconds automatically...
The patch reuses the similarity limit that is also applied when the list of
suggested commands is printed.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The code which is conditional on MinGW32 is actually conditional on Windows.
Use the WIN32 symbol, which is defined by the MINGW32 and MSVC environments,
but not by Cygwin.
Define SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR=1 for MSVC too, as its vsnprintf function does
not add NUL at the end of the buffer if the result fits the buffer size
exactly.
Signed-off-by: Frank Li <lznuaa@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Marius Storm-Olsen <mstormo@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
MSVC does not understand this C99 style.
Signed-off-by: Frank Li <lznuaa@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Marius Storm-Olsen <mstormo@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
* maint-1.6.3:
Change mentions of "git programs" to "git commands"
Documentation: merge: one <remote> is required
help.c: give correct structure's size to memset()
Most of the docs and printouts refer to "commands" when discussing what
the end users call via the "git" top-level program. We should refer them
as "git programs" when we discuss the fact that the commands are
implemented as separate programs, but in other contexts, it is better to
use the term "git commands" consistently.
Signed-off-by: Ori Avtalion <ori@avtalion.name>
Signed-off-by: Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@lavabit.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
These two structures are of the same type, but we'd better be consistent.
Signed-off-by: Johan Herland <johan@herland.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
