Good style for Perl includes using the strict and warnings pragmas, and
preferring lexical file handles over bareword file handles. Using
lexical file handles necessitates being explicit when $_ is printed, so
that Perl does not get confused and instead print the glob ref.
The benefit of this modernization is that a formerly obscured bug is now
visible, which will be fixed in a followup patch.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Newer versions of Perl produce the warning "Unescaped left brace in
regex is deprecated, passed through in regex" when an unescaped left
brace occurs in a regex. Escape the brace to avoid this warning.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
* kh/tutorial-grammofix:
doc: omit needless "for"
doc: make the intent of sentence clearer
doc: add verb in front of command to run
doc: add articles (grammar)
When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition
and abort the transfer.
An improvement counterproposal has failed.
cf. <20161114194049.mktpsvgdhex2f4zv@sigill.intra.peff.net>
* dt/smart-http-detect-server-going-away:
upload-pack: optionally allow fetching any sha1
remote-curl: don't hang when a server dies before any output
A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This
has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
* jk/quote-env-path-list-component:
t5615-alternate-env: double-quotes in file names do not work on Windows
t5547-push-quarantine: run the path separator test on Windows, too
tmp-objdir: quote paths we add to alternates
alternates: accept double-quoted paths
"git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
needed it so far.
* ak/commit-only-allow-empty:
commit: remove 'Clever' message for --only --amend
commit: make --only --allow-empty work without paths
Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
be reported with something sensible.
* jk/http-walker-limit-redirect:
http-walker: complain about non-404 loose object errors
http: treat http-alternates like redirects
http: make redirects more obvious
remote-curl: rename shadowed options variable
http: always update the base URL for redirects
http: simplify update_url_from_redirect
We read lists of alternates from objects/info/alternates
files (delimited by newline), as well as from the
GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES environment variable
(delimited by colon or semi-colon, depending on the
platform).
There's no mechanism for quoting the delimiters, so it's
impossible to specify an alternate path that contains a
colon in the environment, or one that contains a newline in
a file. We've lived with that restriction for ages because
both alternates and filenames with colons are relatively
rare, and it's only a problem when the two meet. But since
722ff7f87 (receive-pack: quarantine objects until
pre-receive accepts, 2016-10-03), which builds on the
alternates system, every push causes the receiver to set
GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES internally.
It would be convenient to have some way to quote the
delimiter so that we can represent arbitrary paths.
The simplest thing would be an escape character before a
quoted delimiter (e.g., "\:" as a literal colon). But that
creates a backwards compatibility problem: any path which
uses that escape character is now broken, and we've just
shifted the problem. We could choose an unlikely escape
character (e.g., something from the non-printable ASCII
range), but that's awkward to use.
Instead, let's treat names as unquoted unless they begin
with a double-quote, in which case they are interpreted via
our usual C-stylke quoting rules. This also breaks
backwards-compatibility, but in a smaller way: it only
matters if your file has a double-quote as the very _first_
character in the path (whereas an escape character is a
problem anywhere in the path). It's also consistent with
many other parts of git, which accept either a bare pathname
or a double-quoted one, and the sender can choose to quote
or not as required.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Last time I checked, I was living in the UTC+01:00 time zone. UTC+02:00
would be Central European _Summer_ Time.
Signed-off-by: Luis Ressel <aranea@aixah.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
What was intended was perhaps "... plumbing does for you" ("you" added), but
simply omitting the word "for" is more terse and gets the intended point across
just as well, if not more so.
I originally went with the approach of writing "for you", but Junio C
Hamano suggested this approach instead.
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
By adding the word "just", which might have been accidentally omitted.
Adding the word "just" makes it clear that the point is to *not* do an
octopus merge simply because you *can* do it. In other words, you
should have a reason for doing it beyond simply having two (seemingly)
independent commits that you need to merge into another branch, since
it's not always the best approach.
The previous sentence made it look more like it was trying to say that
you shouldn't do an octopus merge *because* you can do an octopus merge.
Although this interpretation doesn't make sense and the rest of the
paragraph makes the intended meaning clear, this adjustment should make
the intent of the sentence more immediately clear to the reader.
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Instead of using the command 'git clone' as a verb, use "run" as the
verb indicating the action of executing the command 'git clone'.
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Add definite and indefinite articles in three places where they were
missing.
- Use "the" in front of a directory name
- Use "the" in front of "style of cooperation"
- Use an indefinite article in front of "CVS background"
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We instruct curl to always follow HTTP redirects. This is
convenient, but it creates opportunities for malicious
servers to create confusing situations. For instance,
imagine Alice is a git user with access to a private
repository on Bob's server. Mallory runs her own server and
wants to access objects from Bob's repository.
Mallory may try a few tricks that involve asking Alice to
clone from her, build on top, and then push the result:
1. Mallory may simply redirect all fetch requests to Bob's
server. Git will transparently follow those redirects
and fetch Bob's history, which Alice may believe she
got from Mallory. The subsequent push seems like it is
just feeding Mallory back her own objects, but is
actually leaking Bob's objects. There is nothing in
git's output to indicate that Bob's repository was
involved at all.
The downside (for Mallory) of this attack is that Alice
will have received Bob's entire repository, and is
likely to notice that when building on top of it.
2. If Mallory happens to know the sha1 of some object X in
Bob's repository, she can instead build her own history
that references that object. She then runs a dumb http
server, and Alice's client will fetch each object
individually. When it asks for X, Mallory redirects her
to Bob's server. The end result is that Alice obtains
objects from Bob, but they may be buried deep in
history. Alice is less likely to notice.
Both of these attacks are fairly hard to pull off. There's a
social component in getting Mallory to convince Alice to
work with her. Alice may be prompted for credentials in
accessing Bob's repository (but not always, if she is using
a credential helper that caches). Attack (1) requires a
certain amount of obliviousness on Alice's part while making
a new commit. Attack (2) requires that Mallory knows a sha1
in Bob's repository, that Bob's server supports dumb http,
and that the object in question is loose on Bob's server.
But we can probably make things a bit more obvious without
any loss of functionality. This patch does two things to
that end.
First, when we encounter a whole-repo redirect during the
initial ref discovery, we now inform the user on stderr,
making attack (1) much more obvious.
Second, the decision to follow redirects is now
configurable. The truly paranoid can set the new
http.followRedirects to false to avoid any redirection
entirely. But for a more practical default, we will disallow
redirects only after the initial ref discovery. This is
enough to thwart attacks similar to (2), while still
allowing the common use of redirects at the repository
level. Since c93c92f30 (http: update base URLs when we see
redirects, 2013-09-28) we re-root all further requests from
the redirect destination, which should generally mean that
no further redirection is necessary.
As an escape hatch, in case there really is a server that
needs to redirect individual requests, the user can set
http.followRedirects to "true" (and this can be done on a
per-server basis via http.*.followRedirects config).
Reported-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
A pathname value in a clean/smudge filter process "key=value" pair can
contain the '=' character (introduced in edcc858). Make the user aware
of this issue in the docs, add a corresponding test case, and fix the
issue in filter process value parser of the example implementation in
contrib.
Signed-off-by: Lars Schneider <larsxschneider@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
--only is implied when paths are present, and required
them unless --amend. But with --allow-empty it should
be allowed as well - it is the only way to create an
empty commit in the presence of staged changes.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Krey <a.krey@gmx.de>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In commit 1462450 ("trailer: allow non-trailers in trailer block",
2016-10-21), functionality was added (and tested [1]) to allow
non-trailer lines in trailer blocks, as long as those blocks contain at
least one Git-generated or user-configured trailer, and consists of at
least 25% trailers. The documentation was updated to mention this new
functionality, but did not mention "user-configured trailer".
Further update the documentation to also mention "user-configured
trailer".
[1] "with non-trailer lines mixed with a configured trailer" in
t/t7513-interpret-trailers.sh
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathantanmy@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
It seems a little silly to do a reachabilty check in the case where we
trust the user to access absolutely everything in the repository.
Also, it's racy in a distributed system -- perhaps one server
advertises a ref, but another has since had a force-push to that ref,
and perhaps the two HTTP requests end up directed to these different
servers.
Signed-off-by: David Turner <dturner@twosigma.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In general, "git gc" may delete objects that another concurrent process
is using but hasn't created a reference to. Git has some mitigations,
but they fall short of a complete solution. Document this in the
git-gc(1) man page and add a reference from the documentation of the
gc.pruneExpire config variable.
Based on a write-up by Jeff King:
http://marc.info/?l=git&m=147922960131779&w=2
Signed-off-by: Matt McCutchen <matt@mattmccutchen.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The "SECURITY" section of the gitnamespaces(7) man page described two
ways for a client to steal data from a server that wasn't intended to be
shared. Similar attacks can be performed by a server on a client, so
adapt the section to cover both directions and add it to the
git-fetch(1), git-pull(1), and git-push(1) man pages. Also add
references to this section from the documentation of server
configuration options that attempt to control data leakage but may not
be fully effective.
Signed-off-by: Matt McCutchen <matt@mattmccutchen.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
With the introduction of the $GIT_COMMON_DIR variable, the
repository layout manual was changed to reflect the location for
many files in case the variable is set. While adding the new
locations, one typo snuck in regarding the location of the
'info/' folder, which is falsely claimed to reside at
"$GIT_COMMON_DIR/index".
Fix the typo to point to "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/info/" instead.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The user always has to say "stash@{$N}" when naming a single
element in the default location of the stash, i.e. reflogs in
refs/stash. The "git stash" command learned to accept "git stash
apply 4" as a short-hand for "git stash apply stash@{4}".
* aw/numbered-stash:
stash: allow stashes to be referenced by index only
Update "interpret-trailers" machinery and teaches it that people in
real world write all sorts of crufts in the "trailer" that was
originally designed to have the neat-o "Mail-Header: like thing"
and nothing else.
* jt/trailer-with-cruft:
trailer: support values folded to multiple lines
trailer: forbid leading whitespace in trailers
trailer: allow non-trailers in trailer block
trailer: clarify failure modes in parse_trailer
trailer: make args have their own struct
trailer: streamline trailer item create and add
trailer: use list.h for doubly-linked list
trailer: improve const correctness
The smudge/clean filter API expect an external process is spawned
to filter the contents for each path that has a filter defined. A
new type of "process" filter API has been added to allow the first
request to run the filter for a path to spawn a single process, and
all filtering need is served by this single process for multiple
paths, reducing the process creation overhead.
* ls/filter-process:
contrib/long-running-filter: add long running filter example
convert: add filter.<driver>.process option
convert: prepare filter.<driver>.process option
convert: make apply_filter() adhere to standard Git error handling
pkt-line: add functions to read/write flush terminated packet streams
pkt-line: add packet_write_gently()
pkt-line: add packet_flush_gently()
pkt-line: add packet_write_fmt_gently()
pkt-line: extract set_packet_header()
pkt-line: rename packet_write() to packet_write_fmt()
run-command: add clean_on_exit_handler
run-command: move check_pipe() from write_or_die to run_command
convert: modernize tests
convert: quote filter names in error messages
The rebase.instructionFormat option is missing its "::" to
tell AsciiDoc that it's a list entry. As a result, the
option name gets lumped into the description in one big
paragraph.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
