This commit has described how to use '--always' option in the command
'git-format-patch' to include patches for commits that emit no changes.
Signed-off-by: 徐沛文 (Aleen) <aleen42@vip.qq.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
What --base=auto tells format-patch is to compute the base commit
itself, using the tracking information. It does not make anything
track anything.
Tighten the phrasing so that it won't be copied and pasted to other
places.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Format-patch doesn't have a way to format merges in a way that can be
applied by git-am (or any other tool), and so it just omits them.
However, this may be a surprising implication for users who are not well
versed in how the tool works. Let's add a note to the documentation
making this more clear.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"git format-patch -v<n>" learned to allow a reroll count that is
not an integer.
* zh/format-patch-fractional-reroll-count:
format-patch: allow a non-integral version numbers
The text says something called a "patch" is prepared one for each
commit, it is suitable for e-mail submission, and "am" is the
command to use it, but does not say what the "patch" really is.
The description in the page also refers to the "three-dash" line,
but it is unclear what it is, unless the reader is given a more
detailed overview of what the "patch" is.
Add a brief paragraph to give an overview of what the output looks
like.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The `-v<n>` option of `format-patch` can give nothing but an
integral iteration number to patches in a series. Some people,
however, prefer to mark a new iteration with only a small fixup
with a non integral iteration number (e.g. an "oops, that was
wrong" fix-up patch for v4 iteration may be labeled as "v4.1").
Allow `format-patch` to take such a non-integral iteration
number.
`<n>` can be any string, such as '3.1' or '4rev2'. In the case
where it is a non-integral value, the "Range-diff" and "Interdiff"
headers will not include the previous version.
Signed-off-by: ZheNing Hu <adlternative@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The maximum length of output filenames "git format-patch" creates
has become configurable (used to be capped at 64).
* jc/format-patch-name-max:
format-patch: make output filename configurable
For the past 15 years, we've used the hardcoded 64 as the length
limit of the filename of the output from the "git format-patch"
command. Since the value is shorter than the 80-column terminal, it
could grow without line wrapping a bit. At the same time, since the
value is longer than half of the 80-column terminal, we could fit
two or more of them in "ls" output on such a terminal if we allowed
to lower it.
Introduce a new command line option --filename-max-length=<n> and a
new configuration variable format.filenameMaxLength to override the
hardcoded default.
While we are at it, remove a check that the name of output directory
does not exceed PATH_MAX---this check is pointless in that by the
time control reaches the function, the caller would already have
done an equivalent of "mkdir -p", so if the system does not like an
overly long directory name, the control wouldn't have reached here,
and otherwise, we know that the system allowed the output directory
to exist. In the worst case, we will get an error when we try to
open the output file and handle the error correctly anyway.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Ted reported an old typo in the git-commit.txt and merge-options.txt.
Namely, the phrase "Signed-off-by line" was used without either a
definite nor indefinite article.
Upon examination, it seems that the documentation (including items in
Documentation/, but also option help strings) have been quite
inconsistent on usage when referring to `Signed-off-by`.
First, very few places used a definite or indefinite article with the
phrase "Signed-off-by line", but that was the initial typo that led
to this investigation. So, normalize using either an indefinite or
definite article consistently.
The original phrasing, in Commit 3f971fc425 (Documentation updates,
2005-08-14), is "Add Signed-off-by line". Commit 6f855371a5 (Add
--signoff, --check, and long option-names. 2005-12-09) switched to
using "Add `Signed-off-by:` line", but didn't normalize the former
commit to match. Later commits seem to have cut and pasted from one
or the other, which is likely how the usage became so inconsistent.
Junio stated on the git mailing list in
<xmqqy2k1dfoh.fsf@gitster.c.googlers.com> a preference to leave off
the colon. Thus, prefer `Signed-off-by` (with backticks) for the
documentation files and Signed-off-by (without backticks) for option
help strings.
Additionally, Junio argued that "trailer" is now the standard term to
refer to `Signed-off-by`, saying that "becomes plenty clear that we
are not talking about any random line in the log message". As such,
prefer "trailer" over "line" anywhere the former word fits.
However, leave alone those few places in documentation that use
Signed-off-by to refer to the process (rather than the specific
trailer), or in places where mail headers are generally discussed in
comparison with Signed-off-by.
Reported-by: "Theodore Y. Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Bradley M. Kuhn <bkuhn@sfconservancy.org>
Acked-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When commit subjects or authors have non-ASCII characters, git
format-patch Q-encodes them so they can be safely sent over email.
However, if the patch transfer method is something other than email (web
review tools, sneakernet), this only serves to make the patch metadata
harder to read without first applying it (unless you can decode RFC 2047
in your head). git am as well as some email software supports
non-Q-encoded mail as described in RFC 6531.
Add --[no-]encode-email-headers and format.encodeEmailHeaders to let the
user control this behavior.
Signed-off-by: Emma Brooks <me@pluvano.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
If `format.useAutoBase = true`, there was no way to override this from
the command-line. Teach the `--no-base` option in format-patch to
override `format.useAutoBase`.
Helped-by: René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The branch description ("git branch --edit-description") has been
used to fill the body of the cover letters by the format-patch
command; this has been enhanced so that the subject can also be
filled.
* dl/format-patch-cover-from-desc:
format-patch: teach --cover-from-description option
format-patch: use enum variables
format-patch: replace erroneous and condition
Before, when format-patch generated a cover letter, only the body would
be populated with a branch's description while the subject would be
populated with placeholder text. However, users may want to have the
subject of their cover letter automatically populated in the same way.
Teach format-patch to accept the `--cover-from-description` option and
corresponding `format.coverFromDescription` config, allowing users to
populate different parts of the cover letter (including the subject
now).
Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
'git format-patch -o <outdir>' did an equivalent of 'mkdir <outdir>'
not 'mkdir -p <outdir>', which is being corrected.
Avoid the usage of 'adjust_shared_perm' on the leading directories which
may have security implications. Achieved by temporarily disabling of
'config.sharedRepository' like 'git init' does.
Signed-off-by: Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In git-format-patch.txt, we were missing some key user information.
First of all, document the special value of `--base=auto`.
Next, while we're at it, surround option arguments with <> and change
existing names such as "Message-Id" to "message id", which conforms with
how existing documentation is written.
Finally, document the `format.outputDirectory` config and change
`format.coverletter` to use camel case.
Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Two new commands "git switch" and "git restore" are introduced to
split "checking out a branch to work on advancing its history" and
"checking out paths out of the index and/or a tree-ish to work on
advancing the current history" out of the single "git checkout"
command.
* nd/switch-and-restore: (46 commits)
completion: disable dwim on "git switch -d"
switch: allow to switch in the middle of bisect
t2027: use test_must_be_empty
Declare both git-switch and git-restore experimental
help: move git-diff and git-reset to different groups
doc: promote "git restore"
user-manual.txt: prefer 'merge --abort' over 'reset --hard'
completion: support restore
t: add tests for restore
restore: support --patch
restore: replace --force with --ignore-unmerged
restore: default to --source=HEAD when only --staged is specified
restore: reject invalid combinations with --staged
restore: add --worktree and --staged
checkout: factor out worktree checkout code
restore: disable overlay mode by default
restore: make pathspec mandatory
restore: take tree-ish from --source option instead
checkout: split part of it to new command 'restore'
doc: promote "git switch"
...
In git-format-patch, notes can be appended with the `--notes` option.
However, this must be specified by the user on an
invocation-by-invocation basis. If a user is not careful, it's possible
that they may forget to include it and generate a patch series without
notes.
Teach git-format-patch the `format.notes` config option. Its value is a
notes ref that will be automatically appended. The special value of
"standard" can be used to specify the standard notes. This option is
overridable with the `--no-notes` option in case a user wishes not to
append notes.
Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Internally, git-format-patch uses the `handle_revision_opt` parser. The
parser handles the `--no-notes` option to negate an earlier `--notes`
option, but it isn't documented. Document this option so that users are
aware of it.
Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The new command "git restore" (together with "git switch") are added
to avoid the confusion of one-command-do-all "git checkout" for new
users. They are also helpful to avoid ambiguous context.
For these reasons, promote it everywhere possible. This includes
documentation, suggestions/advice from other commands.
One nice thing about git-restore is the ability to restore
"everything", so it can be used in "git status" advice instead of both
"git checkout" and "git reset". The three commands suggested by "git
status" are add, rm and restore.
"git checkout" is also removed from "git help" (i.e. it's no longer
considered a commonly used command)
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The new command "git switch" is added to avoid the confusion of
one-command-do-all "git checkout" for new users. They are also helpful
to avoid ambiguation context.
For these reasons, promote it everywhere possible. This includes
documentation, suggestions/advice from other commands...
The "Checking out files" progress line in unpack-trees.c is also updated
to "Updating files" to be neutral to both git-checkout and git-switch.
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This mainly refers to enforcing indentation on additional lines of
items of lists.
Signed-off-by: Jean-Noël Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Stop leaking how the primary output of format-patch is customized to
the range-diff machinery and instead let the latter use its own
"reasonable default", in order to correct the breakage introduced by
a5170794 ("Merge branch 'ab/range-diff-no-patch'", 2018-11-18) on
the 'master' front. "git format-patch --range-diff..." without any
weird diff option started to include the "range-diff --stat" output,
which is rather useless right now, that made the whole thing
unusable and this is probably the least disruptive way to whip the
codebase into a shippable shape.
We may want to later make the range-diff driven by format-patch more
configurable, but that would have to wait until we have a good
design.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When submitting a revised version of a patch or series, it can be
helpful (to reviewers) to include a summary of changes since the
previous attempt in the form of a range-diff, typically in the cover
letter. However, it is occasionally useful, despite making for a noisy
read, to insert a range-diff into the commentary section of the lone
patch of a 1-patch series.
Therefore, extend "git format-patch --range-diff=<refspec>" to insert a
range-diff into the commentary section of a lone patch rather than
requiring a cover letter.
Implementation note: Generating a range-diff for insertion into the
commentary section of a patch which itself is currently being generated
requires invoking the diffing machinery recursively. However, the
machinery does not (presently) support this since it uses global state.
Consequently, we need to take care to stash away the state of the
in-progress operation while generating the range-diff, and restore it
after.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When generating a range-diff, matching up commits between two version of
a patch series involves heuristics, thus may give unexpected results.
git-range-diff allows tweaking the heuristic via --creation-factor.
Follow suit by accepting --creation-factor in combination with
--range-diff when generating a range-diff for a cover-letter.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When submitting a revised a patch series, the --range-diff option embeds
a range-diff in the cover letter showing changes since the previous
version of the patch series. The argument to --range-diff is a simple
revision naming the tip of the previous series, which works fine if the
previous and current versions of the patch series share a common base.
However, it fails if the revision ranges of the old and new versions of
the series are disjoint. To address this shortcoming, extend
--range-diff to also accept an explicit revision range for the previous
series. For example:
git format-patch --cover-letter --range-diff=v1~3..v1 -3 v2
Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When submitting a revised version of a patch series, it can be helpful
(to reviewers) to include a summary of changes since the previous
attempt in the form of a range-diff, however, doing so involves manually
copy/pasting the diff into the cover letter.
Add a --range-diff option to automate this process. The argument to
--range-diff specifies the tip of the previous attempt against which to
generate the range-diff. For example:
git format-patch --cover-letter --range-diff=v1 -3 v2
(At this stage, the previous attempt and the patch series being
formatted must share a common base, however, a subsequent enhancement
will make it possible to specify an explicit revision range for the
previous attempt.)
Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When submitting a revised version of a patch or series, it can be
helpful (to reviewers) to include a summary of changes since the
previous attempt in the form of an interdiff, typically in the cover
letter. However, it is occasionally useful, despite making for a noisy
read, to insert an interdiff into the commentary section of the lone
patch of a 1-patch series.
Therefore, extend "git format-patch --interdiff=<prev>" to insert an
interdiff into the commentary section of a lone patch rather than
requiring a cover letter. The interdiff is indented to avoid confusing
git-am and human readers into considering it part of the patch proper.
Implementation note: Generating an interdiff for insertion into the
commentary section of a patch which itself is currently being generated
requires invoking the diffing machinery recursively. However, the
machinery does not (presently) support this since it uses global state.
Consequently, we need to take care to stash away the state of the
in-progress operation while generating the interdiff, and restore it
after.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When submitting a revised version of a patch series, it can be helpful
(to reviewers) to include a summary of changes since the previous
attempt in the form of an interdiff, however, doing so involves manually
copy/pasting the diff into the cover letter.
Add an --interdiff option to automate this process. The argument to
--interdiff specifies the tip of the previous attempt against which to
generate the interdiff. For example:
git format-patch --cover-letter --interdiff=v1 -3 v2
The previous attempt and the patch series being formatted must share a
common base.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Rather than using a backslash in \--foo, with or without ''-quoting,
write `--foo` for better rendering. As explained in commit 1c262bb7b
(doc: convert \--option to --option, 2015-05-13), the backslash is not
needed for the versions of AsciiDoc that we support, but is rendered
literally by Asciidoctor.
Signed-off-by: Martin Ågren <martin.agren@gmail.com>
When generating patches for the rebase command, if the user does
not realize the branch they are rebasing onto is thousands of
commits different, there is no progress indication after initial
rewinding message.
The progress meter as presented in this patch assumes the thousands of
patches to have a fine granularity as well as assuming to require all
the same amount of work/time for each, such that a steady progress bar
is achieved.
We do not want to estimate the time for each patch based e.g.
on their size or number of touched files (or parents) as that is too
expensive for just a progress meter.
This patch allows a progress option to be passed to format-patch
so that the user can be informed the progress of generating the
patch. This option is then used by the rebase command when
calling format-patch.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Willford <kewillf@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Giuseppe Bilotta <giuseppe.bilotta@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Change these two obvious typos to be in line with the rest of the
documentation, which uses the correct --[no-]whatever form.
Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Add an alias for --subject-prefix='RFC PATCH', which is used
commonly in some development communities to deserve such a
short-hand.
Signed-off-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
* tr/doc-tt:
doc: change configuration variables format
doc: more consistency in environment variables format
doc: change environment variables format
doc: clearer rule about formatting literals
This change configuration variables that where in italic style
to monospace font according to the guideline. It was obtained with
grep '[[:alpha:]]*\.[[:alpha:]]*::$' config.txt | \
sed -e 's/::$//' -e 's/\./\\\\./' | \
xargs -iP perl -pi -e "s/\'P\'/\`P\`/g" ./*.txt
Signed-off-by: Tom Russello <tom.russello@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Erwan Mathoniere <erwan.mathoniere@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Groot <samuel.groot@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Reviewed-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Introduce --base=auto to record the base commit info automatically, the
base_commit will be the merge base of tip commit of the upstream branch
and revision-range specified in cmdline.
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiaolong Ye <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Maintainers or third party testers may want to know the exact base tree
the patch series applies to. Teach git format-patch a '--base' option
to record the base tree info and append it at the end of the first
message (either the cover letter or the first patch in the series).
The base tree info consists of the "base commit", which is a well-known
commit that is part of the stable part of the project history everybody
else works off of, and zero or more "prerequisite patches", which are
well-known patches in flight that is not yet part of the "base commit"
that need to be applied on top of "base commit" in topological order
before the patches can be applied.
The "base commit" is shown as "base-commit: " followed by the 40-hex of
the commit object name. A "prerequisite patch" is shown as
"prerequisite-patch-id: " followed by the 40-hex "patch id", which can
be obtained by passing the patch through the "git patch-id --stable"
command.
Imagine that on top of the public commit P, you applied well-known
patches X, Y and Z from somebody else, and then built your three-patch
series A, B, C, the history would be like:
---P---X---Y---Z---A---B---C
With "git format-patch --base=P -3 C" (or variants thereof, e.g. with
"--cover-letter" of using "Z..C" instead of "-3 C" to specify the
range), the base tree information block is shown at the end of the
first message the command outputs (either the first patch, or the
cover letter), like this:
base-commit: P
prerequisite-patch-id: X
prerequisite-patch-id: Y
prerequisite-patch-id: Z
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiaolong Ye <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"git format-patch" learned to notice format.outputDirectory
configuration variable. This allows "-o <dir>" option to be
omitted on the command line if you always use the same directory in
your workflow.
* ak/format-patch-odir-config:
format-patch: introduce format.outputDirectory configuration
The documentation has been updated to hint the connection between
the '--signoff' option and DCO.
* dw/signoff-doc:
Expand documentation describing --signoff
We can pass -o/--output-directory to the format-patch command to store
patches in some place other than the working directory. This patch
introduces format.outputDirectory configuration option for same
purpose.
The case of usage of this configuration option can be convenience
to not pass every time -o/--output-directory if an user has pattern
to store all patches in the /patches directory for example.
The format.outputDirectory has lower priority than command line
option, so if user will set format.outputDirectory and pass the
command line option, a result will be stored in a directory that
passed to command line option.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen P. Smith <ischis2@cox.net>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Modify various document (man page) files to explain
in more detail what --signoff means.
This was inspired by https://lwn.net/Articles/669976/ where
paulj noted, "adding [the] '-s' argument to [a] git commit
doesn't really mean you have even heard of the DCO...".
Extending git's documentation will make it easier to argue
that developers understood --signoff when they use it.
Signed-off-by: David A. Wheeler <dwheeler@dwheeler.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Oftentimes, patches created by git format-patch will be stored in
version control or compared with diff. In these cases, two otherwise
identical patches can have different commit hashes, leading to diff
noise. Teach git format-patch a --zero-commit option that instead
produces an all-zero hash to avoid this diff noise.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The branch descriptions that are set with "git branch --edit-description"
option were used in many places but they weren't clearly documented.
* po/doc-branch-desc:
doc: show usage of branch description
The branch description will be included in 'git format-patch
--cover-letter' and in 'git pull-request' emails. It can also
be used in the automatic merge message. Tell the reader.
While here, clarify that the description may be a multi-line
explanation of the purpose of the branch's patch series.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
reroll count documentation states that v<n> will be pretended to the
filename. Judging by the examples that should have been 'prepended'.
Signed-off-by: Frans Klaver <fransklaver@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This should improve readability. Compare "thislongname" and
"thisLongName". The following keys are left in unchanged. We can
decide what to do with them later.
- am.keepcr
- core.autocrlf .safecrlf .trustctime
- diff.dirstat .noprefix
- gitcvs.usecrlfattr
- gui.blamehistoryctx .trustmtime
- pull.twohead
- receive.autogc
- sendemail.signedoffbycc .smtpsslcertpath .suppresscc
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Add an option to format-patch for reading a signature from a file.
$ git format-patch -1 --signature-file=$HOME/.signature
The config variable `format.signaturefile` can also be used to make
this the default.
$ git config format.signaturefile $HOME/.signature
$ git format-patch -1
Signed-off-by: Jeremiah Mahler <jmmahler@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
