452ce291a9
More commands are documented now; thanks Raymond. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
496 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
496 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
git(7)
|
|
======
|
|
v0.99.5, Aug 2005
|
|
|
|
NAME
|
|
----
|
|
git - the stupid content tracker
|
|
|
|
|
|
SYNOPSIS
|
|
--------
|
|
'git-<command>' <args>
|
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
This is reference information for the core git commands.
|
|
|
|
Before reading this cover to cover, you may want to take a look
|
|
at the link:tutorial.html[tutorial] document.
|
|
|
|
The <<Discussion>> section below contains much useful definition and
|
|
clarification info - read that first. And of the commands, I suggest
|
|
reading link:git-update-cache.html[git-update-cache] and
|
|
link:git-read-tree.html[git-read-tree] first - I wish I had!
|
|
|
|
If you are migrating from CVS, link:cvs-migration.html[cvs migration]
|
|
document may be helpful after you finish the tutorial.
|
|
|
|
After you get the general feel from the tutorial and this
|
|
overview page, you may want to take a look at the
|
|
link:howto-index.html[howto] documents.
|
|
|
|
|
|
David Greaves <david@dgreaves.com>
|
|
08/05/05
|
|
|
|
Updated by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> on 2005-05-05 to
|
|
reflect recent changes.
|
|
|
|
Commands Overview
|
|
-----------------
|
|
The git commands can helpfully be split into those that manipulate
|
|
the repository, the cache and the working fileset, those that
|
|
interrogate and compare them, and those that moves objects and
|
|
references between repositories.
|
|
|
|
In addition, git itself comes with a spartan set of porcelain
|
|
commands. They are usable but are not meant to compete with real
|
|
Porcelains.
|
|
|
|
There are also some ancillary programs that can be viewed as useful
|
|
aids for using the core commands but which are unlikely to be used by
|
|
SCMs layered over git.
|
|
|
|
Manipulation commands
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
link:git-apply.html[git-apply]::
|
|
Reads a "diff -up1" or git generated patch file and
|
|
applies it to the working tree.
|
|
|
|
link:git-checkout-cache.html[git-checkout-cache]::
|
|
Copy files from the cache to the working directory
|
|
|
|
link:git-commit-tree.html[git-commit-tree]::
|
|
Creates a new commit object
|
|
|
|
link:git-hash-object.html[git-hash-object]::
|
|
Computes the object ID from a file.
|
|
|
|
link:git-init-db.html[git-init-db]::
|
|
Creates an empty git object database
|
|
|
|
link:git-merge-cache.html[git-merge-cache]::
|
|
Runs a merge for files needing merging
|
|
|
|
link:git-mktag.html[git-mktag]::
|
|
Creates a tag object
|
|
|
|
link:git-pack-objects.html[git-pack-objects]::
|
|
Creates a packed archive of objects.
|
|
|
|
link:git-prune-packed.html[git-prune-packed]::
|
|
Remove extra objects that are already in pack files.
|
|
|
|
link:git-read-tree.html[git-read-tree]::
|
|
Reads tree information into the directory cache
|
|
|
|
link:git-unpack-objects.html[git-unpack-objects]::
|
|
Unpacks objects out of a packed archive.
|
|
|
|
link:git-update-cache.html[git-update-cache]::
|
|
Modifies the index or directory cache
|
|
|
|
link:git-write-tree.html[git-write-tree]::
|
|
Creates a tree from the current cache
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interrogation commands
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
link:git-cat-file.html[git-cat-file]::
|
|
Provide content or type information for repository objects
|
|
|
|
link:git-diff-cache.html[git-diff-cache]::
|
|
Compares content and mode of blobs between the cache and repository
|
|
|
|
link:git-diff-files.html[git-diff-files]::
|
|
Compares files in the working tree and the cache
|
|
|
|
link:git-diff-stages.html[git-diff-stages]::
|
|
Compares two "merge stages" in the index file.
|
|
|
|
link:git-diff-tree.html[git-diff-tree]::
|
|
Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects
|
|
|
|
link:git-export.html[git-export]::
|
|
Exports each commit and a diff against each of its parents
|
|
|
|
link:git-fsck-cache.html[git-fsck-cache]::
|
|
Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
|
|
|
|
link:git-ls-files.html[git-ls-files]::
|
|
Information about files in the cache/working directory
|
|
|
|
link:git-ls-tree.html[git-ls-tree]::
|
|
Displays a tree object in human readable form
|
|
|
|
link:git-merge-base.html[git-merge-base]::
|
|
Finds as good a common ancestor as possible for a merge
|
|
|
|
link:git-rev-list.html[git-rev-list]::
|
|
Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order
|
|
|
|
link:git-rev-tree.html[git-rev-tree]::
|
|
Provides the revision tree for one or more commits
|
|
|
|
link:git-show-index.html[git-show-index]::
|
|
Displays contents of a pack idx file.
|
|
|
|
link:git-tar-tree.html[git-tar-tree]::
|
|
Creates a tar archive of the files in the named tree
|
|
|
|
link:git-unpack-file.html[git-unpack-file]::
|
|
Creates a temporary file with a blob's contents
|
|
|
|
link:git-var.html[git-var]::
|
|
Displays a git logical variable
|
|
|
|
link:git-verify-pack.html[git-verify-pack]::
|
|
Validates packed GIT archive files
|
|
|
|
The interrogate commands may create files - and you can force them to
|
|
touch the working file set - but in general they don't
|
|
|
|
|
|
Synching repositories
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
link:git-clone-pack.html[git-clone-pack]::
|
|
Clones a repository into the current repository (engine
|
|
for ssh and local transport)
|
|
|
|
link:git-fetch-pack.html[git-fetch-pack]::
|
|
Updates from a remote repository.
|
|
|
|
link:git-http-pull.html[git-http-pull]::
|
|
Downloads a remote GIT repository via HTTP
|
|
|
|
link:git-local-pull.html[git-local-pull]::
|
|
Duplicates another GIT repository on a local system
|
|
|
|
link:git-peek-remote.html[git-peek-remote]::
|
|
Lists references on a remote repository using upload-pack protocol.
|
|
|
|
link:git-receive-pack.html[git-receive-pack]::
|
|
Invoked by 'git-send-pack' to receive what is pushed to it.
|
|
|
|
link:git-send-pack.html[git-send-pack]::
|
|
Pushes to a remote repository, intelligently.
|
|
|
|
link:git-ssh-pull.html[git-ssh-pull]::
|
|
Pulls from a remote repository over ssh connection
|
|
|
|
link:git-ssh-push.html[git-ssh-push]::
|
|
Helper "server-side" program used by git-ssh-pull
|
|
|
|
link:git-update-server-info.html[git-update-server-info]::
|
|
Updates auxiliary information on a dumb server to help
|
|
clients discover references and packs on it.
|
|
|
|
link:git-upload-pack.html[git-upload-pack]::
|
|
Invoked by 'git-clone-pack' and 'git-fetch-pack' to push
|
|
what are asked for.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Porcelain-ish Commands
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
link:git-add-script.html[git-add-script]::
|
|
Add paths to the index file.
|
|
|
|
link:git-applymbox.html[git-applymbox]::
|
|
Apply patches from a mailbox.
|
|
|
|
link:git-bisect-script.html[git-bisect-script]::
|
|
Find the change that introduced a bug.
|
|
|
|
link:git-branch-script.html[git-branch-script]::
|
|
Create and Show branches.
|
|
|
|
link:git-checkout-script.html[git-checkout-script]::
|
|
Checkout and switch to a branch.
|
|
|
|
link:git-cherry-pick-script.html[git-cherry-pick-script]::
|
|
Cherry-pick the effect of an existing commit.
|
|
|
|
link:git-clone-script.html[git-clone-script]::
|
|
Clones a repository into a new directory.
|
|
|
|
link:git-commit-script.html[git-commit-script]::
|
|
Record changes to the repository.
|
|
|
|
link:git-fetch-script.html[git-fetch-script]::
|
|
Download from a remote repository via various protocols.
|
|
|
|
link:git-log-script.html[git-log-script]::
|
|
Shows commit logs.
|
|
|
|
link:git-ls-remote-script.html[git-ls-remote-script]::
|
|
Shows references in a remote or local repository.
|
|
|
|
link:git-octopus-script.html[git-octopus-script]::
|
|
Merge more than two commits.
|
|
|
|
link:git-pull-script.html[git-pull-script]::
|
|
Fetch from and merge with a remote repository.
|
|
|
|
link:git-push-script.html[git-push-script]::
|
|
Update remote refs along with associated objects.
|
|
|
|
link:git-rebase-script.html[git-rebase-script]::
|
|
Rebase local commits to new upstream head.
|
|
|
|
link:git-rename-script.html[git-rename]::
|
|
Rename files and directories.
|
|
|
|
link:git-repack-script.html[git-repack-script]::
|
|
Pack unpacked objects in a repository.
|
|
|
|
link:git-reset-script.html[git-reset-script]::
|
|
Reset current HEAD to the specified state.
|
|
|
|
link:git-resolve-script.html[git-resolve-script]::
|
|
Merge two commits.
|
|
|
|
link:git-revert-script.html[git-revert-script]::
|
|
Revert an existing commit.
|
|
|
|
link:git-shortlog.html[git-shortlog]::
|
|
Summarizes 'git log' output.
|
|
|
|
link:git-show-branch.html[git-show-branch]::
|
|
Show branches and their commits.
|
|
|
|
link:git-status-script.html[git-status-script]::
|
|
Shows the working tree status.
|
|
|
|
link:git-verify-tag-script.html[git-verify-tag-script]::
|
|
Check the GPG signature of tag.
|
|
|
|
link:git-whatchanged.html[git-whatchanged]::
|
|
Shows commit logs and differences they introduce.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ancillary Commands
|
|
------------------
|
|
Manipulators:
|
|
|
|
link:git-applypatch.html[git-applypatch]::
|
|
Apply one patch extracted from an e-mail.
|
|
|
|
link:git-archimport-script.html[git-archimport-script]::
|
|
Import an arch repository into git.
|
|
|
|
link:git-convert-cache.html[git-convert-cache]::
|
|
Converts old-style GIT repository
|
|
|
|
link:git-cvsimport-script.html[git-cvsimport-script]::
|
|
Salvage your data out of another SCM people love to hate.
|
|
|
|
link:git-merge-one-file-script.html[git-merge-one-file-script]::
|
|
The standard helper program to use with "git-merge-cache"
|
|
|
|
link:git-prune-script.html[git-prune-script]::
|
|
Prunes all unreachable objects from the object database
|
|
|
|
link:git-relink-script.html[git-relink-script]::
|
|
Hardlink common objects in local repositories.
|
|
|
|
link:git-sh-setup-script.html[git-sh-setup-script]::
|
|
Common git shell script setup code.
|
|
|
|
link:git-tag-script.html[git-tag-script]::
|
|
An example script to create a tag object signed with GPG
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interrogators:
|
|
|
|
link:git-build-rev-cache.html[git-build-rev-cache]::
|
|
Create or update a rev-cache file.
|
|
|
|
link:git-cherry.html[git-cherry]::
|
|
Find commits not merged upstream.
|
|
|
|
link:git-count-objects-script.html[git-count-objects-script]::
|
|
Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption.
|
|
|
|
link:git-daemon.html[git-daemon]::
|
|
A really simple server for GIT repositories.
|
|
|
|
link:git-diff-helper.html[git-diff-helper]::
|
|
Generates patch format output for git-diff-*
|
|
|
|
link:git-get-tar-commit-id.html[git-get-tar-commit-id]::
|
|
Extract commit ID from an archive created using git-tar-tree.
|
|
|
|
link:git-mailinfo.html[git-mailinfo]::
|
|
Extracts patch from a single e-mail message.
|
|
|
|
link:git-mailsplit.html[git-mailsplit]::
|
|
git-mailsplit.
|
|
|
|
link:git-patch-id.html[git-patch-id]::
|
|
Compute unique ID for a patch.
|
|
|
|
link:git-parse-remote-script.html[git-parse-remote-script]::
|
|
Routines to help parsing $GIT_DIR/remotes/
|
|
|
|
link:git-request-pull-script.html[git-request-pull-script]::
|
|
git-request-pull-script.
|
|
|
|
link:git-rev-parse.html[git-rev-parse]::
|
|
Pick out and massage parameters.
|
|
|
|
link:git-send-email-script.html[git-send-email]::
|
|
Send patch e-mails out of "format-patch --mbox" output.
|
|
|
|
link:git-show-rev-cache.html[git-show-rev-cache]::
|
|
Show the contents of a rev-cache file.
|
|
|
|
Commands not yet documented
|
|
---------------------------
|
|
|
|
link:git-diff-script.html[git-diff-script]::
|
|
git-diff-script.
|
|
|
|
link:git-format-patch-script.html[git-format-patch-script]::
|
|
git-format-patch-script.
|
|
|
|
link:git-stripspace.html[git-stripspace]::
|
|
git-stripspace.
|
|
|
|
link:gitk.html[gitk]::
|
|
gitk.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Identifier Terminology
|
|
----------------------
|
|
<object>::
|
|
Indicates the sha1 identifier for any type of object
|
|
|
|
<blob>::
|
|
Indicates a blob object sha1 identifier
|
|
|
|
<tree>::
|
|
Indicates a tree object sha1 identifier
|
|
|
|
<commit>::
|
|
Indicates a commit object sha1 identifier
|
|
|
|
<tree-ish>::
|
|
Indicates a tree, commit or tag object sha1 identifier. A
|
|
command that takes a <tree-ish> argument ultimately wants to
|
|
operate on a <tree> object but automatically dereferences
|
|
<commit> and <tag> objects that point at a <tree>.
|
|
|
|
<type>::
|
|
Indicates that an object type is required.
|
|
Currently one of: blob/tree/commit/tag
|
|
|
|
<file>::
|
|
Indicates a filename - always relative to the root of
|
|
the tree structure GIT_INDEX_FILE describes.
|
|
|
|
Symbolic Identifiers
|
|
--------------------
|
|
Any git command accepting any <object> can also use the following
|
|
symbolic notation:
|
|
|
|
HEAD::
|
|
indicates the head of the repository (ie the contents of
|
|
`$GIT_DIR/HEAD`)
|
|
<tag>::
|
|
a valid tag 'name'+
|
|
(ie the contents of `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags/<tag>`)
|
|
<head>::
|
|
a valid head 'name'+
|
|
(ie the contents of `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/<head>`)
|
|
<snap>::
|
|
a valid snapshot 'name'+
|
|
(ie the contents of `$GIT_DIR/refs/snap/<snap>`)
|
|
|
|
|
|
File/Directory Structure
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
Please see link:repository-layout.html[repository layout] document.
|
|
|
|
Higher level SCMs may provide and manage additional information in the
|
|
GIT_DIR.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Terminology
|
|
-----------
|
|
Please see link:glossary.html[glossary] document.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Environment Variables
|
|
---------------------
|
|
Various git commands use the following environment variables:
|
|
|
|
The git Repository
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
These environment variables apply to 'all' core git commands. Nb: it
|
|
is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above
|
|
git so take care if using Cogito etc
|
|
|
|
'GIT_INDEX_FILE'::
|
|
This environment allows the specification of an alternate
|
|
cache/index file. If not specified, the default of
|
|
`$GIT_DIR/index` is used.
|
|
|
|
'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY'::
|
|
If the object storage directory is specified via this
|
|
environment variable then the sha1 directories are created
|
|
underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects`
|
|
directory is used.
|
|
|
|
'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
|
|
Due to the immutable nature of git objects, old objects can be
|
|
archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
|
|
specifies a ":" separated list of git object directories which
|
|
can be used to search for git objects. New objects will not be
|
|
written to these directories.
|
|
|
|
'GIT_DIR'::
|
|
If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it specifies
|
|
a path to use instead of `./.git` for the base of the
|
|
repository.
|
|
|
|
git Commits
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'::
|
|
'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL'::
|
|
'GIT_AUTHOR_DATE'::
|
|
'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'::
|
|
'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'::
|
|
see link:git-commit-tree.html[git-commit-tree]
|
|
|
|
git Diffs
|
|
~~~~~~~~~
|
|
'GIT_DIFF_OPTS'::
|
|
'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'::
|
|
see the "generating patches" section in :
|
|
link:git-diff-cache.html[git-diff-cache];
|
|
link:git-diff-files.html[git-diff-files];
|
|
link:git-diff-tree.html[git-diff-tree]
|
|
|
|
Discussion[[Discussion]]
|
|
------------------------
|
|
include::../README[]
|
|
|
|
Author
|
|
------
|
|
Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
|
|
|
|
Documentation
|
|
--------------
|
|
Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
|
|
|
|
GIT
|
|
---
|
|
Part of the link:git.html[git] suite
|
|
|