43966ab315
A typical "git revert" commit uses the full title of the original
commit in its title, and starts its body of the message with:
This reverts commit 8fa7f667cf61386257c00d6e954855cc3215ae91.
This does not encourage the best practice of describing not just
"what" (i.e. "Revert X" on the title says what we did) but "why"
(i.e. and it does not say why X was undesirable).
We can instead phrase this first line of the body to be more like
This reverts commit 8fa7f667 (do this and that, 2022-04-25)
so that the title does not have to be
Revert "do this and that"
We can instead use the title to describe "why" we are reverting the
original commit.
Introduce the "--reference" option to "git revert", and also the
revert.reference configuration variable, which defaults to false, to
tweak the title and the first line of the draft commit message for
when creating a "revert" commit.
When this option is in use, the first line of the pre-filled editor
buffer becomes a comment line that tells the user to say _why_. If
the user exits the editor without touching this line by mistake,
what we prepare to become the first line of the body, i.e. "This
reverts commit 8fa7f667 (do this and that, 2022-04-25)", ends up to
be the title of the resulting commit. This behaviour is designed to
help such a user to identify such a revert in "git log --oneline"
easily so that it can be further reworded with "git rebase -i" later.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
155 lines
4.9 KiB
Plaintext
155 lines
4.9 KiB
Plaintext
git-revert(1)
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=============
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NAME
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----
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git-revert - Revert some existing commits
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git revert' [--[no-]edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-S[<keyid>]] <commit>...
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'git revert' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit)
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Given one or more existing commits, revert the changes that the
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related patches introduce, and record some new commits that record
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them. This requires your working tree to be clean (no modifications
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from the HEAD commit).
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Note: 'git revert' is used to record some new commits to reverse the
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effect of some earlier commits (often only a faulty one). If you want to
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throw away all uncommitted changes in your working directory, you
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should see linkgit:git-reset[1], particularly the `--hard` option. If
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you want to extract specific files as they were in another commit, you
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should see linkgit:git-restore[1], specifically the `--source`
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option. Take care with these alternatives as
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both will discard uncommitted changes in your working directory.
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See "Reset, restore and revert" in linkgit:git[1] for the differences
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between the three commands.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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<commit>...::
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Commits to revert.
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For a more complete list of ways to spell commit names, see
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linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
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Sets of commits can also be given but no traversal is done by
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default, see linkgit:git-rev-list[1] and its `--no-walk`
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option.
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-e::
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--edit::
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With this option, 'git revert' will let you edit the commit
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message prior to committing the revert. This is the default if
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you run the command from a terminal.
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-m parent-number::
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--mainline parent-number::
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Usually you cannot revert a merge because you do not know which
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side of the merge should be considered the mainline. This
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option specifies the parent number (starting from 1) of
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the mainline and allows revert to reverse the change
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relative to the specified parent.
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+
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Reverting a merge commit declares that you will never want the tree changes
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brought in by the merge. As a result, later merges will only bring in tree
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changes introduced by commits that are not ancestors of the previously
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reverted merge. This may or may not be what you want.
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+
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See the link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for
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more details.
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--no-edit::
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With this option, 'git revert' will not start the commit
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message editor.
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--cleanup=<mode>::
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This option determines how the commit message will be cleaned up before
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being passed on to the commit machinery. See linkgit:git-commit[1] for more
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details. In particular, if the '<mode>' is given a value of `scissors`,
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scissors will be appended to `MERGE_MSG` before being passed on in the case
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of a conflict.
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-n::
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--no-commit::
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Usually the command automatically creates some commits with
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commit log messages stating which commits were
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reverted. This flag applies the changes necessary
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to revert the named commits to your working tree
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and the index, but does not make the commits. In addition,
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when this option is used, your index does not have to match
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the HEAD commit. The revert is done against the
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beginning state of your index.
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+
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This is useful when reverting more than one commits'
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effect to your index in a row.
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-S[<keyid>]::
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--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
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--no-gpg-sign::
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GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
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defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
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stuck to the option without a space. `--no-gpg-sign` is useful to
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countermand both `commit.gpgSign` configuration variable, and
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earlier `--gpg-sign`.
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-s::
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--signoff::
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Add a `Signed-off-by` trailer at the end of the commit message.
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See the signoff option in linkgit:git-commit[1] for more information.
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--strategy=<strategy>::
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Use the given merge strategy. Should only be used once.
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See the MERGE STRATEGIES section in linkgit:git-merge[1]
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for details.
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-X<option>::
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--strategy-option=<option>::
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Pass the merge strategy-specific option through to the
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merge strategy. See linkgit:git-merge[1] for details.
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--rerere-autoupdate::
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--no-rerere-autoupdate::
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Allow the rerere mechanism to update the index with the
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result of auto-conflict resolution if possible.
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--reference::
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Instead of starting the body of the log message with "This
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reverts <full object name of the commit being reverted>.",
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refer to the commit using "--pretty=reference" format
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(cf. linkgit:git-log[1]). The `revert.reference`
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configuration variable can be used to enable this option by
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default.
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SEQUENCER SUBCOMMANDS
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---------------------
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include::sequencer.txt[]
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EXAMPLES
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--------
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`git revert HEAD~3`::
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Revert the changes specified by the fourth last commit in HEAD
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and create a new commit with the reverted changes.
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`git revert -n master~5..master~2`::
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Revert the changes done by commits from the fifth last commit
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in master (included) to the third last commit in master
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(included), but do not create any commit with the reverted
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changes. The revert only modifies the working tree and the
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index.
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SEE ALSO
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--------
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linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1]
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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