d6b8fc303b
A pattern "foo/" in the exclude list did not match directory "foo", but a pattern "foo" did. This attempts to extend the exclude mechanism so that it would while not matching a regular file or a symbolic link "foo". In order to differentiate a directory and non directory, this passes down the type of path being checked to excluded() function. A downside is that the recursive directory walk may need to run lstat(2) more often on systems whose "struct dirent" do not give the type of the entry; earlier it did not have to do so for an excluded path, but we now need to figure out if a path is a directory before deciding to exclude it. This is especially bad because an idea similar to the earlier CE_UPTODATE optimization to reduce number of lstat(2) calls would by definition not apply to the codepaths involved, as (1) directories will not be registered in the index, and (2) excluded paths will not be in the index anyway. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
130 lines
4.1 KiB
Plaintext
130 lines
4.1 KiB
Plaintext
gitignore(5)
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============
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NAME
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----
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gitignore - Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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$GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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A `gitignore` file specifies intentionally untracked files that
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git should ignore. Each line in a `gitignore` file specifies a
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pattern.
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When deciding whether to ignore a path, git normally checks
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`gitignore` patterns from multiple sources, with the following
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order of precedence, from highest to lowest (within one level of
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precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
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* Patterns read from the command line for those commands that support
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them.
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* Patterns read from a `.gitignore` file in the same directory
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as the path, or in any parent directory, with patterns in the
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higher level files (up to the root) being overridden by those in
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lower level files down to the directory containing the file.
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These patterns match relative to the location of the
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`.gitignore` file. A project normally includes such
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`.gitignore` files in its repository, containing patterns for
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files generated as part of the project build.
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* Patterns read from `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude`.
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* Patterns read from the file specified by the configuration
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variable 'core.excludesfile'.
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The underlying git plumbing tools, such as
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linkgit:git-ls-files[1] and linkgit:git-read-tree[1], read
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`gitignore` patterns specified by command-line options, or from
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files specified by command-line options. Higher-level git
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tools, such as linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-add[1],
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use patterns from the sources specified above.
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Patterns have the following format:
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- A blank line matches no files, so it can serve as a separator
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for readability.
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- A line starting with # serves as a comment.
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- An optional prefix '!' which negates the pattern; any
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matching file excluded by a previous pattern will become
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included again. If a negated pattern matches, this will
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override lower precedence patterns sources.
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- If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the
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purpose of the following description, but it would only find
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a match with a directory. In other words, `foo/` will match a
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directory `foo` and paths underneath it, but will not match a
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regular file or a symbolic link `foo` (this is consistent
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with the way how pathspec works in general in git).
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- If the pattern does not contain a slash '/', git treats it as
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a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the
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pathname without leading directories.
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- Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable
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for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag:
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wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname.
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For example, "Documentation/\*.html" matches
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"Documentation/git.html" but not
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"Documentation/ppc/ppc.html". A leading slash matches the
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beginning of the pathname; for example, "/*.c" matches
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"cat-file.c" but not "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
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An example:
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--------------------------------------------------------------
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$ git-status
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[...]
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# Untracked files:
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[...]
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# Documentation/foo.html
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# Documentation/gitignore.html
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# file.o
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# lib.a
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# src/internal.o
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[...]
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$ cat .git/info/exclude
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# ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
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*.[oa]
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$ cat Documentation/.gitignore
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# ignore generated html files,
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*.html
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# except foo.html which is maintained by hand
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!foo.html
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$ git-status
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[...]
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# Untracked files:
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[...]
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# Documentation/foo.html
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[...]
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--------------------------------------------------------------
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Another example:
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--------------------------------------------------------------
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$ cat .gitignore
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vmlinux*
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$ ls arch/foo/kernel/vm*
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arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
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$ echo '!/vmlinux*' >arch/foo/kernel/.gitignore
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--------------------------------------------------------------
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The second .gitignore prevents git from ignoring
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`arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S`.
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Documentation
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-------------
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Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Josh Triplett,
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Frank Lichtenheld, and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
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