9b25a0b52e
It can be useful to split your ~/.gitconfig across multiple
files. For example, you might have a "main" file which is
used on many machines, but a small set of per-machine
tweaks. Or you may want to make some of your config public
(e.g., clever aliases) while keeping other data back (e.g.,
your name or other identifying information). Or you may want
to include a number of config options in some subset of your
repos without copying and pasting (e.g., you want to
reference them from the .git/config of participating repos).
This patch introduces an include directive for config files.
It looks like:
[include]
path = /path/to/file
This is syntactically backwards-compatible with existing git
config parsers (i.e., they will see it as another config
entry and ignore it unless you are looking up include.path).
The implementation provides a "git_config_include" callback
which wraps regular config callbacks. Callers can pass it to
git_config_from_file, and it will transparently follow any
include directives, passing all of the discovered options to
the real callback.
Include directives are turned on automatically for "regular"
git config parsing. This includes calls to git_config, as
well as calls to the "git config" program that do not
specify a single file (e.g., using "-f", "--global", etc).
They are not turned on in other cases, including:
1. Parsing of other config-like files, like .gitmodules.
There isn't a real need, and I'd rather be conservative
and avoid unnecessary incompatibility or confusion.
2. Reading single files via "git config". This is for two
reasons:
a. backwards compatibility with scripts looking at
config-like files.
b. inspection of a specific file probably means you
care about just what's in that file, not a general
lookup for "do we have this value anywhere at
all". If that is not the case, the caller can
always specify "--includes".
3. Writing files via "git config"; we want to treat
include.* variables as literal items to be copied (or
modified), and not expand them. So "git config
--unset-all foo.bar" would operate _only_ on
.git/config, not any of its included files (just as it
also does not operate on ~/.gitconfig).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
141 lines
5.2 KiB
Plaintext
141 lines
5.2 KiB
Plaintext
config API
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==========
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The config API gives callers a way to access git configuration files
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(and files which have the same syntax). See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
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discussion of the config file syntax.
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General Usage
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-------------
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Config files are parsed linearly, and each variable found is passed to a
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caller-provided callback function. The callback function is responsible
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for any actions to be taken on the config option, and is free to ignore
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some options. It is not uncommon for the configuration to be parsed
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several times during the run of a git program, with different callbacks
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picking out different variables useful to themselves.
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A config callback function takes three parameters:
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- the name of the parsed variable. This is in canonical "flat" form: the
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section, subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots,
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and the section and variable segments will be all lowercase. E.g.,
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`core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`.
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- the value of the found variable, as a string. If the variable had no
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value specified, the value will be NULL (typically this means it
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should be interpreted as boolean true).
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- a void pointer passed in by the caller of the config API; this can
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contain callback-specific data
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A config callback should return 0 for success, or -1 if the variable
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could not be parsed properly.
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Basic Config Querying
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---------------------
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Most programs will simply want to look up variables in all config files
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that git knows about, using the normal precedence rules. To do this,
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call `git_config` with a callback function and void data pointer.
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`git_config` will read all config sources in order of increasing
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priority. Thus a callback should typically overwrite previously-seen
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entries with new ones (e.g., if both the user-wide `~/.gitconfig` and
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repo-specific `.git/config` contain `color.ui`, the config machinery
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will first feed the user-wide one to the callback, and then the
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repo-specific one; by overwriting, the higher-priority repo-specific
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value is left at the end).
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The `git_config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config
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while adjusting some of the default behavior of `git_config`. It should
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almost never be used by "regular" git code that is looking up
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configuration variables. It is intended for advanced callers like
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`git-config`, which are intentionally tweaking the normal config-lookup
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process. It takes two extra parameters:
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`filename`::
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If this parameter is non-NULL, it specifies the name of a file to
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parse for configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. Regular
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`git_config` defaults to `NULL`.
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`respect_includes`::
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Specify whether include directives should be followed in parsed files.
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Regular `git_config` defaults to `1`.
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There is a special version of `git_config` called `git_config_early`.
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This version takes an additional parameter to specify the repository
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config, instead of having it looked up via `git_path`. This is useful
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early in a git program before the repository has been found. Unless
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you're working with early setup code, you probably don't want to use
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this.
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Reading Specific Files
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----------------------
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To read a specific file in git-config format, use
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`git_config_from_file`. This takes the same callback and data parameters
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as `git_config`.
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Value Parsing Helpers
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---------------------
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To aid in parsing string values, the config API provides callbacks with
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a number of helper functions, including:
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`git_config_int`::
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Parse the string to an integer, including unit factors. Dies on error;
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otherwise, returns the parsed result.
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`git_config_ulong`::
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Identical to `git_config_int`, but for unsigned longs.
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`git_config_bool`::
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Parse a string into a boolean value, respecting keywords like "true" and
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"false". Integer values are converted into true/false values (when they
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are non-zero or zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If
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parsing is successful, the return value is the result.
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`git_config_bool_or_int`::
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Same as `git_config_bool`, except that integers are returned as-is, and
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an `is_bool` flag is unset.
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`git_config_maybe_bool`::
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Same as `git_config_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error rather
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than dying.
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`git_config_string`::
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Allocates and copies the value string into the `dest` parameter; if no
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string is given, prints an error message and returns -1.
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`git_config_pathname`::
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Similar to `git_config_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into the
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user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path.
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Include Directives
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------------------
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By default, the config parser does not respect include directives.
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However, a caller can use the special `git_config_include` wrapper
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callback to support them. To do so, you simply wrap your "real" callback
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function and data pointer in a `struct config_include_data`, and pass
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the wrapper to the regular config-reading functions. For example:
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-------------------------------------------
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int read_file_with_include(const char *file, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
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{
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struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT;
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inc.fn = fn;
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inc.data = data;
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return git_config_from_file(git_config_include, file, &inc);
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}
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-------------------------------------------
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`git_config` respects includes automatically. The lower-level
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`git_config_from_file` does not.
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Writing Config Files
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--------------------
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TODO
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