18b0793036
Explain briefly what characters are prohibited in tag <name> and point to git-check-ref-format(1) manual page for further information. Signed-off-by: Jari Aalto <jari.aalto@cante.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
267 lines
8.3 KiB
Plaintext
267 lines
8.3 KiB
Plaintext
git-tag(1)
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==========
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NAME
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----
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git-tag - Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]
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<name> [<commit> | <object>]
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'git tag' -d <name>...
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'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [<pattern>]
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'git tag' -v <name>...
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Adds a 'tag' reference in `.git/refs/tags/`. The tag <name> must pass
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linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1] which basicly means that control characters,
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space, ~, ^, :, ?, *, [ and \ are prohibited.
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Unless `-f` is given, the tag must not yet exist in
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`.git/refs/tags/` directory.
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If one of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>` is passed, the command
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creates a 'tag' object, and requires the tag message. Unless
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`-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given, an editor is started for the user to type
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in the tag message.
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If `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given and `-a`, `-s`, and `-u <key-id>`
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are absent, `-a` is implied.
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Otherwise just the SHA1 object name of the commit object is
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written (i.e. a lightweight tag).
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A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when `-s` or `-u
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<key-id>` is used. When `-u <key-id>` is not used, the
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committer identity for the current user is used to find the
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GnuPG key for signing.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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-a::
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Make an unsigned, annotated tag object
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-s::
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Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address's key
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-u <key-id>::
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Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key
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-f::
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Replace an existing tag with the given name (instead of failing)
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-d::
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Delete existing tags with the given names.
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-v::
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Verify the gpg signature of the given tag names.
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-n<num>::
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<num> specifies how many lines from the annotation, if any,
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are printed when using -l.
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The default is not to print any annotation lines.
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If no number is given to `-n`, only the first line is printed.
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If the tag is not annotated, the commit message is displayed instead.
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-l <pattern>::
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List tags with names that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given).
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Typing "git tag" without arguments, also lists all tags.
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--contains <commit>::
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Only list tags which contain the specified commit.
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-m <msg>::
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Use the given tag message (instead of prompting).
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If multiple `-m` options are given, their values are
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concatenated as separate paragraphs.
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Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
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is given.
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-F <file>::
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Take the tag message from the given file. Use '-' to
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read the message from the standard input.
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Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
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is given.
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CONFIGURATION
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-------------
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By default, 'git-tag' in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your
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committer identity (of the form "Your Name <your@email.address>") to
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find a key. If you want to use a different default key, you can specify
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it in the repository configuration as follows:
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-------------------------------------
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[user]
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signingkey = <gpg-key-id>
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-------------------------------------
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DISCUSSION
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----------
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On Re-tagging
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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What should you do when you tag a wrong commit and you would
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want to re-tag?
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If you never pushed anything out, just re-tag it. Use "-f" to
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replace the old one. And you're done.
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But if you have pushed things out (or others could just read
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your repository directly), then others will have already seen
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the old tag. In that case you can do one of two things:
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. The sane thing.
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Just admit you screwed up, and use a different name. Others have
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already seen one tag-name, and if you keep the same name, you
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may be in the situation that two people both have "version X",
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but they actually have 'different' "X"'s. So just call it "X.1"
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and be done with it.
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. The insane thing.
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You really want to call the new version "X" too, 'even though'
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others have already seen the old one. So just use 'git-tag -f'
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again, as if you hadn't already published the old one.
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However, Git does *not* (and it should not) change tags behind
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users back. So if somebody already got the old tag, doing a
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'git-pull' on your tree shouldn't just make them overwrite the old
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one.
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If somebody got a release tag from you, you cannot just change
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the tag for them by updating your own one. This is a big
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security issue, in that people MUST be able to trust their
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tag-names. If you really want to do the insane thing, you need
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to just fess up to it, and tell people that you messed up. You
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can do that by making a very public announcement saying:
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------------
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Ok, I messed up, and I pushed out an earlier version tagged as X. I
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then fixed something, and retagged the *fixed* tree as X again.
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If you got the wrong tag, and want the new one, please delete
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the old one and fetch the new one by doing:
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git tag -d X
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git fetch origin tag X
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to get my updated tag.
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You can test which tag you have by doing
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git rev-parse X
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which should return 0123456789abcdef.. if you have the new version.
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Sorry for inconvenience.
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------------
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Does this seem a bit complicated? It *should* be. There is no
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way that it would be correct to just "fix" it behind peoples
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backs. People need to know that their tags might have been
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changed.
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On Automatic following
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If you are following somebody else's tree, you are most likely
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using tracking branches (`refs/heads/origin` in traditional
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layout, or `refs/remotes/origin/master` in the separate-remote
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layout). You usually want the tags from the other end.
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On the other hand, if you are fetching because you would want a
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one-shot merge from somebody else, you typically do not want to
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get tags from there. This happens more often for people near
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the toplevel but not limited to them. Mere mortals when pulling
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from each other do not necessarily want to automatically get
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private anchor point tags from the other person.
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You would notice "please pull" messages on the mailing list says
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repo URL and branch name alone. This is designed to be easily
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cut&pasted to a 'git-fetch' command line:
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------------
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Linus, please pull from
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git://git..../proj.git master
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to get the following updates...
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------------
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becomes:
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------------
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$ git pull git://git..../proj.git master
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------------
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In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow other's
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tags.
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One important aspect of git is it is distributed, and being
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distributed largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or
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"downstream" in the system. On the face of it, the above
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example might seem to indicate that the tag namespace is owned
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by upper echelon of people and tags only flow downwards, but
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that is not the case. It only shows that the usage pattern
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determines who are interested in whose tags.
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A one-shot pull is a sign that a commit history is now crossing
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the boundary between one circle of people (e.g. "people who are
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primarily interested in the networking part of the kernel") who may
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have their own set of tags (e.g. "this is the third release
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candidate from the networking group to be proposed for general
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consumption with 2.6.21 release") to another circle of people
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(e.g. "people who integrate various subsystem improvements").
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The latter are usually not interested in the detailed tags used
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internally in the former group (that is what "internal" means).
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That is why it is desirable not to follow tags automatically in
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this case.
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It may well be that among networking people, they may want to
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exchange the tags internal to their group, but in that workflow
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they are most likely tracking with each other's progress by
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having tracking branches. Again, the heuristic to automatically
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follow such tags is a good thing.
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On Backdating Tags
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If you have imported some changes from another VCS and would like
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to add tags for major releases of your work, it is useful to be able
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to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object. The data in
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the tag object affects, for example, the ordering of tags in the
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gitweb interface.
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To set the date used in future tag objects, set the environment
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variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE to one or more of the date and time. The
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date and time can be specified in a number of ways; the most common
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is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM".
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An example follows.
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------------
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$ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1
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------------
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Author
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------
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Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>,
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Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>.
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Documentation
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--------------
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Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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