233 lines
6.9 KiB
Plaintext
233 lines
6.9 KiB
Plaintext
git-rev-parse(1)
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================
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NAME
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----
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git-rev-parse - Pick out and massage parameters
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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'git-rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Many git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
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(i.e. parameters that begin with a dash '-') and parameters
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meant for underlying `git-rev-list` command they use internally
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and flags and parameters for other commands they use as the
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downstream of `git-rev-list`. This command is used to
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distinguish between them.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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--revs-only::
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Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
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`git-rev-list` command.
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--no-revs::
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Do not output flags and parameters meant for
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`git-rev-list` command.
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--flags::
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Do not output non-flag parameters.
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--no-flags::
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Do not output flag parameters.
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--default <arg>::
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If there is no parameter given by the user, use `<arg>`
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instead.
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--verify::
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The parameter given must be usable as a single, valid
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object name. Otherwise barf and abort.
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--sq::
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Usually the output is made one line per flag and
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parameter. This option makes output a single line,
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properly quoted for consumption by shell. Useful when
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you expect your parameter to contain whitespaces and
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newlines (e.g. when using pickaxe `-S` with
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`git-diff-\*`).
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--not::
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When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
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strip '{caret}' prefix from the object names that already have
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one.
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--symbolic::
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Usually the object names are output in SHA1 form (with
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possible '{caret}' prefix); this option makes them output in a
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form as close to the original input as possible.
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--all::
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Show all refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs`.
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--branches::
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Show branch refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads`.
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--tags::
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Show tag refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags`.
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--remotes::
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Show tag refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes`.
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--show-prefix::
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When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
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path of the current directory relative to the top-level
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directory.
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--show-cdup::
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When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
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path of the top-level directory relative to the current
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directory (typically a sequence of "../", or an empty string).
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--git-dir::
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Show `$GIT_DIR` if defined else show the path to the .git directory.
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--short, --short=number::
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Instead of outputting the full SHA1 values of object names try to
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abbreviate them to a shorter unique name. When no length is specified
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7 is used. The minimum length is 4.
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--since=datestring, --after=datestring::
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Parses the date string, and outputs corresponding
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--max-age= parameter for git-rev-list command.
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--until=datestring, --before=datestring::
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Parses the date string, and outputs corresponding
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--min-age= parameter for git-rev-list command.
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<args>...::
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Flags and parameters to be parsed.
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SPECIFYING REVISIONS
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--------------------
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A revision parameter typically, but not necessarily, names a
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commit object. They use what is called an 'extended SHA1'
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syntax.
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* The full SHA1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or
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a substring of such that is unique within the repository.
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E.g. dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735 and dae86e both
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name the same commit object if there are no other object in
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your repository whose object name starts with dae86e.
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* A symbolic ref name. E.g. 'master' typically means the commit
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object referenced by $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master. If you
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happen to have both heads/master and tags/master, you can
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explicitly say 'heads/master' to tell git which one you mean.
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* A suffix '@' followed by a date specification enclosed in a brace
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pair (e.g. '\{yesterday\}', '\{1 month 2 weeks 3 days 1 hour 1
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second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') to specify the value
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of the ref at a prior point in time. This suffix may only be
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used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an
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existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>).
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* A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of
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that commit object. '{caret}<n>' means the <n>th parent (i.e.
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'rev{caret}'
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is equivalent to 'rev{caret}1'). As a special rule,
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'rev{caret}0' means the commit itself and is used when 'rev' is the
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object name of a tag object that refers to a commit object.
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* A suffix '~<n>' to a revision parameter means the commit
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object that is the <n>th generation grand-parent of the named
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commit object, following only the first parent. I.e. rev~3 is
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equivalent to rev{caret}{caret}{caret} which is equivalent to\
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rev{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1.
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* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an object type name enclosed in
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brace pair (e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}`) means the object
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could be a tag, and dereference the tag recursively until an
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object of that type is found or the object cannot be
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dereferenced anymore (in which case, barf). `rev{caret}0`
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introduced earlier is a short-hand for `rev{caret}\{commit\}`.
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* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair
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(e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{\}`) means the object could be a tag,
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and dereference the tag recursively until a non-tag object is
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found.
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Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger. Both node B and C are
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a commit parents of commit node A. Parent commits are ordered
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left-to-right.
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G H I J
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\ / \ /
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D E F
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\ | / \
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\ | / |
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\|/ |
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B C
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\ /
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\ /
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A
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A = = A^0
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B = A^ = A^1 = A~1
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C = A^2 = A^2
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D = A^^ = A^1^1 = A~2
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E = B^2 = A^^2
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F = B^3 = A^^3
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G = A^^^ = A^1^1^1 = A~3
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H = D^2 = B^^2 = A^^^2 = A~2^2
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I = F^ = B^3^ = A^^3^
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J = F^2 = B^3^2 = A^^3^2
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SPECIFYING RANGES
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-----------------
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History traversing commands such as `git-log` operate on a set
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of commits, not just a single commit. To these commands,
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specifying a single revision with the notation described in the
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previous section means the set of commits reachable from that
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commit, following the commit ancestry chain.
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To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix `{caret}`
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notation is used. E.g. "`{caret}r1 r2`" means commits reachable
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from `r2` but exclude the ones reachable from `r1`.
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This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
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for it. "`r1..r2`" is equivalent to "`{caret}r1 r2`". It is
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the difference of two sets (subtract the set of commits
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reachable from `r1` from the set of commits reachable from
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`r2`).
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A similar notation "`r1\...r2`" is called symmetric difference
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of `r1` and `r2` and is defined as
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"`r1 r2 --not $(git-merge-base --all r1 r2)`".
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It it the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
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`r1` or `r2` but not from both.
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Here are a few examples:
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D A B D
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D F A B C D F
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^A G B D
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^A F B C F
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G...I C D F G I
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^B G I C D F G I
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Author
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------
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Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
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Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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Documentation
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--------------
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Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
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