git-commit-vandalism/builtin/pack-objects.c

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#include "builtin.h"
#include "cache.h"
#include "attr.h"
#include "object.h"
#include "blob.h"
#include "commit.h"
#include "tag.h"
#include "tree.h"
#include "delta.h"
#include "pack.h"
#include "pack-revindex.h"
#include "csum-file.h"
#include "tree-walk.h"
#include "diff.h"
#include "revision.h"
#include "list-objects.h"
#include "progress.h"
#include "refs.h"
#include "thread-utils.h"
static const char pack_usage[] =
"git pack-objects [ -q | --progress | --all-progress ]\n"
" [--all-progress-implied]\n"
" [--max-pack-size=<n>] [--local] [--incremental]\n"
" [--window=<n>] [--window-memory=<n>] [--depth=<n>]\n"
" [--no-reuse-delta] [--no-reuse-object] [--delta-base-offset]\n"
" [--threads=<n>] [--non-empty] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]]\n"
" [--reflog] [--stdout | base-name] [--include-tag]\n"
" [--keep-unreachable | --unpack-unreachable]\n"
" [< ref-list | < object-list]";
struct object_entry {
struct pack_idx_entry idx;
unsigned long size; /* uncompressed size */
struct packed_git *in_pack; /* already in pack */
off_t in_pack_offset;
struct object_entry *delta; /* delta base object */
struct object_entry *delta_child; /* deltified objects who bases me */
struct object_entry *delta_sibling; /* other deltified objects who
* uses the same base as me
*/
void *delta_data; /* cached delta (uncompressed) */
unsigned long delta_size; /* delta data size (uncompressed) */
unsigned long z_delta_size; /* delta data size (compressed) */
unsigned int hash; /* name hint hash */
enum object_type type;
enum object_type in_pack_type; /* could be delta */
unsigned char in_pack_header_size;
unsigned char preferred_base; /* we do not pack this, but is available
* to be used as the base object to delta
* objects against.
*/
unsigned char no_try_delta;
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
unsigned char tagged; /* near the very tip of refs */
unsigned char filled; /* assigned write-order */
};
/*
* Objects we are going to pack are collected in objects array (dynamically
* expanded). nr_objects & nr_alloc controls this array. They are stored
* in the order we see -- typically rev-list --objects order that gives us
* nice "minimum seek" order.
*/
static struct object_entry *objects;
static struct pack_idx_entry **written_list;
static uint32_t nr_objects, nr_alloc, nr_result, nr_written;
static int non_empty;
static int reuse_delta = 1, reuse_object = 1;
static int keep_unreachable, unpack_unreachable, include_tag;
static int local;
static int incremental;
static int ignore_packed_keep;
static int allow_ofs_delta;
static struct pack_idx_option pack_idx_opts;
static const char *base_name;
static int progress = 1;
static int window = 10;
static unsigned long pack_size_limit;
static int depth = 50;
static int delta_search_threads;
static int pack_to_stdout;
static int num_preferred_base;
static struct progress *progress_state;
Custom compression levels for objects and packs Add config variables pack.compression and core.loosecompression , and switch --compression=level to pack-objects. Loose objects will be compressed using core.loosecompression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_BEST_SPEED. Packed objects will be compressed using --compression=level if seen, else pack.compression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION. This is the "pack compression level". Loose objects added to a pack undeltified will be recompressed to the pack compression level if it is unequal to the current loose compression level by the preceding rules, or if the loose object was written while core.legacyheaders = true. Newly deltified loose objects are always compressed to the current pack compression level. Previously packed objects added to a pack are recompressed to the current pack compression level exactly when their deltification status changes, since the previous pack data cannot be reused. In either case, the --no-reuse-object switch from the first patch below will always force recompression to the current pack compression level, instead of assuming the pack compression level hasn't changed and pack data can be reused when possible. This applies on top of the following patches from Nicolas Pitre: [PATCH] allow for undeltified objects not to be reused [PATCH] make "repack -f" imply "pack-objects --no-reuse-object" Signed-off-by: Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2007-05-09 22:56:50 +02:00
static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
static int pack_compression_seen;
static unsigned long delta_cache_size = 0;
static unsigned long max_delta_cache_size = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
static unsigned long cache_max_small_delta_size = 1000;
static unsigned long window_memory_limit = 0;
/*
* The object names in objects array are hashed with this hashtable,
* to help looking up the entry by object name.
* This hashtable is built after all the objects are seen.
*/
static int *object_ix;
static int object_ix_hashsz;
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
static struct object_entry *locate_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1);
/*
* stats
*/
static uint32_t written, written_delta;
static uint32_t reused, reused_delta;
static void *get_delta(struct object_entry *entry)
{
unsigned long size, base_size, delta_size;
void *buf, *base_buf, *delta_buf;
enum object_type type;
buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
if (!buf)
die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
base_buf = read_sha1_file(entry->delta->idx.sha1, &type, &base_size);
if (!base_buf)
die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->delta->idx.sha1));
delta_buf = diff_delta(base_buf, base_size,
buf, size, &delta_size, 0);
if (!delta_buf || delta_size != entry->delta_size)
die("delta size changed");
free(buf);
free(base_buf);
return delta_buf;
}
static unsigned long do_compress(void **pptr, unsigned long size)
{
2011-06-10 20:52:15 +02:00
git_zstream stream;
void *in, *out;
unsigned long maxsize;
memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
git_deflate_init(&stream, pack_compression_level);
maxsize = git_deflate_bound(&stream, size);
in = *pptr;
out = xmalloc(maxsize);
*pptr = out;
stream.next_in = in;
stream.avail_in = size;
stream.next_out = out;
stream.avail_out = maxsize;
while (git_deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH) == Z_OK)
; /* nothing */
git_deflate_end(&stream);
free(in);
return stream.total_out;
}
/*
* we are going to reuse the existing object data as is. make
* sure it is not corrupt.
*/
static int check_pack_inflate(struct packed_git *p,
struct pack_window **w_curs,
off_t offset,
off_t len,
unsigned long expect)
{
2011-06-10 20:52:15 +02:00
git_zstream stream;
unsigned char fakebuf[4096], *in;
int st;
memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
git_inflate_init(&stream);
do {
in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &stream.avail_in);
stream.next_in = in;
stream.next_out = fakebuf;
stream.avail_out = sizeof(fakebuf);
st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
offset += stream.next_in - in;
} while (st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR);
git_inflate_end(&stream);
return (st == Z_STREAM_END &&
stream.total_out == expect &&
stream.total_in == len) ? 0 : -1;
}
static void copy_pack_data(struct sha1file *f,
struct packed_git *p,
struct pack_window **w_curs,
off_t offset,
off_t len)
{
unsigned char *in;
2011-06-10 20:52:15 +02:00
unsigned long avail;
while (len) {
in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &avail);
if (avail > len)
2011-06-10 20:52:15 +02:00
avail = (unsigned long)len;
sha1write(f, in, avail);
offset += avail;
len -= avail;
}
}
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
/* Return 0 if we will bust the pack-size limit */
static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
struct object_entry *entry,
off_t write_offset)
{
unsigned long size, limit, datalen;
void *buf;
unsigned char header[10], dheader[10];
unsigned hdrlen;
enum object_type type;
int usable_delta, to_reuse;
compute a CRC32 for each object as stored in a pack The most important optimization for performance when repacking is the ability to reuse data from a previous pack as is and bypass any delta or even SHA1 computation by simply copying the raw data from one pack to another directly. The problem with this is that any data corruption within a copied object would go unnoticed and the new (repacked) pack would be self-consistent with its own checksum despite containing a corrupted object. This is a real issue that already happened at least once in the past. In some attempt to prevent this, we validate the copied data by inflating it and making sure no error is signaled by zlib. But this is still not perfect as a significant portion of a pack content is made of object headers and references to delta base objects which are not deflated and therefore not validated when repacking actually making the pack data reuse still not as safe as it could be. Of course a full SHA1 validation could be performed, but that implies full data inflating and delta replaying which is extremely costly, which cost the data reuse optimization was designed to avoid in the first place. So the best solution to this is simply to store a CRC32 of the raw pack data for each object in the pack index. This way any object in a pack can be validated before being copied as is in another pack, including header and any other non deflated data. Why CRC32 instead of a faster checksum like Adler32? Quoting Wikipedia: Jonathan Stone discovered in 2001 that Adler-32 has a weakness for very short messages. He wrote "Briefly, the problem is that, for very short packets, Adler32 is guaranteed to give poor coverage of the available bits. Don't take my word for it, ask Mark Adler. :-)" The problem is that sum A does not wrap for short messages. The maximum value of A for a 128-byte message is 32640, which is below the value 65521 used by the modulo operation. An extended explanation can be found in RFC 3309, which mandates the use of CRC32 instead of Adler-32 for SCTP, the Stream Control Transmission Protocol. In the context of a GIT pack, we have lots of small objects, especially deltas, which are likely to be quite small and in a size range for which Adler32 is dimed not to be sufficient. Another advantage of CRC32 is the possibility for recovery from certain types of small corruptions like single bit errors which are the most probable type of corruptions. OK what this patch does is to compute the CRC32 of each object written to a pack within pack-objects. It is not written to the index yet and it is obviously not validated when reusing pack data yet either. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2007-04-09 07:06:31 +02:00
if (!pack_to_stdout)
crc32_begin(f);
type = entry->type;
pack-objects: fix pack generation when using pack_size_limit Current handling of pack_size_limit is quite suboptimal. Let's consider a list of objects to pack which contain alternatively big and small objects (which pretty matches reality when big blobs are interlaced with tree objects). Currently, the code simply close the pack and opens a new one when the next object in line breaks the size limit. The current code may degenerate into: - small tree object => store into pack #1 - big blob object busting the pack size limit => store into pack #2 - small blob but pack #2 is over the limit already => pack #3 - big blob busting the size limit => pack #4 - small tree but pack #4 is over the limit => pack #5 - big blob => pack #6 - small tree => pack #7 - ... and so on. The reality is that the content of packs 1, 3, 5 and 7 could well be stored more efficiently (and delta compressed) together in pack #1 if the big blobs were not forcing an immediate transition to a new pack. Incidentally this can be fixed pretty easily by simply skipping over those objects that are too big to fit in the current pack while trying the whole list of unwritten objects, and then that list considered from the beginning again when a new pack is opened. This creates much fewer smallish pack files and help making more predictable test cases for the test suite. This change made one of the self sanity checks useless so it is removed as well. That check was rather redundant already anyway. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2010-02-04 04:48:27 +01:00
/* apply size limit if limited packsize and not first object */
if (!pack_size_limit || !nr_written)
limit = 0;
else if (pack_size_limit <= write_offset)
/*
* the earlier object did not fit the limit; avoid
* mistaking this with unlimited (i.e. limit = 0).
*/
limit = 1;
else
limit = pack_size_limit - write_offset;
if (!entry->delta)
usable_delta = 0; /* no delta */
else if (!pack_size_limit)
usable_delta = 1; /* unlimited packfile */
else if (entry->delta->idx.offset == (off_t)-1)
usable_delta = 0; /* base was written to another pack */
else if (entry->delta->idx.offset)
usable_delta = 1; /* base already exists in this pack */
else
usable_delta = 0; /* base could end up in another pack */
if (!reuse_object)
to_reuse = 0; /* explicit */
else if (!entry->in_pack)
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
to_reuse = 0; /* can't reuse what we don't have */
else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
/* check_object() decided it for us ... */
to_reuse = usable_delta;
/* ... but pack split may override that */
else if (type != entry->in_pack_type)
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
to_reuse = 0; /* pack has delta which is unusable */
else if (entry->delta)
to_reuse = 0; /* we want to pack afresh */
else
to_reuse = 1; /* we have it in-pack undeltified,
* and we do not need to deltify it.
*/
if (!to_reuse) {
no_reuse:
if (!usable_delta) {
buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
if (!buf)
die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
/*
* make sure no cached delta data remains from a
* previous attempt before a pack split occurred.
*/
free(entry->delta_data);
entry->delta_data = NULL;
entry->z_delta_size = 0;
} else if (entry->delta_data) {
size = entry->delta_size;
buf = entry->delta_data;
entry->delta_data = NULL;
type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
} else {
buf = get_delta(entry);
size = entry->delta_size;
type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
}
if (entry->z_delta_size)
datalen = entry->z_delta_size;
else
datalen = do_compress(&buf, size);
/*
* The object header is a byte of 'type' followed by zero or
* more bytes of length.
*/
hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, size, header);
if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
/*
* Deltas with relative base contain an additional
* encoding of the relative offset for the delta
* base from this object's position in the pack.
*/
off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
while (ofs >>= 7)
dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
free(buf);
return 0;
}
sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
/*
* Deltas with a base reference contain
* an additional 20 bytes for the base sha1.
*/
if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
free(buf);
return 0;
}
sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
hdrlen += 20;
} else {
if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
free(buf);
return 0;
}
sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
}
sha1write(f, buf, datalen);
free(buf);
}
else {
struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
Replace use_packed_git with window cursors. Part of the implementation concept of the sliding mmap window for pack access is to permit multiple windows per pack to be mapped independently. Since the inuse_cnt is associated with the mmap and not with the file, this value is in struct pack_window and needs to be incremented/decremented for each pack_window accessed by any code. To faciliate that implementation we need to replace all uses of use_packed_git() and unuse_packed_git() with a different API that follows struct pack_window objects rather than struct packed_git. The way this works is when we need to start accessing a pack for the first time we should setup a new window 'cursor' by declaring a local and setting it to NULL: struct pack_windows *w_curs = NULL; To obtain the memory region which contains a specific section of the pack file we invoke use_pack(), supplying the address of our current window cursor: unsigned int len; unsigned char *addr = use_pack(p, &w_curs, offset, &len); the returned address `addr` will be the first byte at `offset` within the pack file. The optional variable len will also be updated with the number of bytes remaining following the address. Multiple calls to use_pack() with the same window cursor will update the window cursor, moving it from one window to another when necessary. In this way each window cursor variable maintains only one struct pack_window inuse at a time. Finally before exiting the scope which originally declared the window cursor we must invoke unuse_pack() to unuse the current window (which may be different from the one that was first obtained from use_pack): unuse_pack(&w_curs); This implementation is still not complete with regards to multiple windows, as only one window per pack file is supported right now. Signed-off-by: Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-12-23 08:34:08 +01:00
struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
struct revindex_entry *revidx;
off_t offset;
if (entry->delta)
type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, entry->size, header);
offset = entry->in_pack_offset;
revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, offset);
datalen = revidx[1].offset - offset;
if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version > 1 &&
check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, revidx->nr)) {
error("bad packed object CRC for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
goto no_reuse;
}
offset += entry->in_pack_header_size;
datalen -= entry->in_pack_header_size;
if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version == 1 &&
check_pack_inflate(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, entry->size)) {
error("corrupt packed object for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
goto no_reuse;
}
if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
while (ofs >>= 7)
dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
return 0;
}
sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
reused_delta++;
} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
return 0;
}
sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
hdrlen += 20;
reused_delta++;
} else {
if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
return 0;
}
sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
}
copy_pack_data(f, p, &w_curs, offset, datalen);
Replace use_packed_git with window cursors. Part of the implementation concept of the sliding mmap window for pack access is to permit multiple windows per pack to be mapped independently. Since the inuse_cnt is associated with the mmap and not with the file, this value is in struct pack_window and needs to be incremented/decremented for each pack_window accessed by any code. To faciliate that implementation we need to replace all uses of use_packed_git() and unuse_packed_git() with a different API that follows struct pack_window objects rather than struct packed_git. The way this works is when we need to start accessing a pack for the first time we should setup a new window 'cursor' by declaring a local and setting it to NULL: struct pack_windows *w_curs = NULL; To obtain the memory region which contains a specific section of the pack file we invoke use_pack(), supplying the address of our current window cursor: unsigned int len; unsigned char *addr = use_pack(p, &w_curs, offset, &len); the returned address `addr` will be the first byte at `offset` within the pack file. The optional variable len will also be updated with the number of bytes remaining following the address. Multiple calls to use_pack() with the same window cursor will update the window cursor, moving it from one window to another when necessary. In this way each window cursor variable maintains only one struct pack_window inuse at a time. Finally before exiting the scope which originally declared the window cursor we must invoke unuse_pack() to unuse the current window (which may be different from the one that was first obtained from use_pack): unuse_pack(&w_curs); This implementation is still not complete with regards to multiple windows, as only one window per pack file is supported right now. Signed-off-by: Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-12-23 08:34:08 +01:00
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
reused++;
}
if (usable_delta)
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
written_delta++;
written++;
compute a CRC32 for each object as stored in a pack The most important optimization for performance when repacking is the ability to reuse data from a previous pack as is and bypass any delta or even SHA1 computation by simply copying the raw data from one pack to another directly. The problem with this is that any data corruption within a copied object would go unnoticed and the new (repacked) pack would be self-consistent with its own checksum despite containing a corrupted object. This is a real issue that already happened at least once in the past. In some attempt to prevent this, we validate the copied data by inflating it and making sure no error is signaled by zlib. But this is still not perfect as a significant portion of a pack content is made of object headers and references to delta base objects which are not deflated and therefore not validated when repacking actually making the pack data reuse still not as safe as it could be. Of course a full SHA1 validation could be performed, but that implies full data inflating and delta replaying which is extremely costly, which cost the data reuse optimization was designed to avoid in the first place. So the best solution to this is simply to store a CRC32 of the raw pack data for each object in the pack index. This way any object in a pack can be validated before being copied as is in another pack, including header and any other non deflated data. Why CRC32 instead of a faster checksum like Adler32? Quoting Wikipedia: Jonathan Stone discovered in 2001 that Adler-32 has a weakness for very short messages. He wrote "Briefly, the problem is that, for very short packets, Adler32 is guaranteed to give poor coverage of the available bits. Don't take my word for it, ask Mark Adler. :-)" The problem is that sum A does not wrap for short messages. The maximum value of A for a 128-byte message is 32640, which is below the value 65521 used by the modulo operation. An extended explanation can be found in RFC 3309, which mandates the use of CRC32 instead of Adler-32 for SCTP, the Stream Control Transmission Protocol. In the context of a GIT pack, we have lots of small objects, especially deltas, which are likely to be quite small and in a size range for which Adler32 is dimed not to be sufficient. Another advantage of CRC32 is the possibility for recovery from certain types of small corruptions like single bit errors which are the most probable type of corruptions. OK what this patch does is to compute the CRC32 of each object written to a pack within pack-objects. It is not written to the index yet and it is obviously not validated when reusing pack data yet either. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2007-04-09 07:06:31 +02:00
if (!pack_to_stdout)
entry->idx.crc32 = crc32_end(f);
return hdrlen + datalen;
}
enum write_one_status {
WRITE_ONE_SKIP = -1, /* already written */
WRITE_ONE_BREAK = 0, /* writing this will bust the limit; not written */
WRITE_ONE_WRITTEN = 1, /* normal */
WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE = 2 /* already scheduled to be written */
};
static enum write_one_status write_one(struct sha1file *f,
struct object_entry *e,
off_t *offset)
{
unsigned long size;
int recursing;
/*
* we set offset to 1 (which is an impossible value) to mark
* the fact that this object is involved in "write its base
* first before writing a deltified object" recursion.
*/
recursing = (e->idx.offset == 1);
if (recursing) {
warning("recursive delta detected for object %s",
sha1_to_hex(e->idx.sha1));
return WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE;
} else if (e->idx.offset || e->preferred_base) {
/* offset is non zero if object is written already. */
return WRITE_ONE_SKIP;
}
/* if we are deltified, write out base object first. */
if (e->delta) {
e->idx.offset = 1; /* now recurse */
switch (write_one(f, e->delta, offset)) {
case WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE:
/* we cannot depend on this one */
e->delta = NULL;
break;
default:
break;
case WRITE_ONE_BREAK:
e->idx.offset = recursing;
return WRITE_ONE_BREAK;
}
}
e->idx.offset = *offset;
size = write_object(f, e, *offset);
if (!size) {
e->idx.offset = recursing;
return WRITE_ONE_BREAK;
}
written_list[nr_written++] = &e->idx;
/* make sure off_t is sufficiently large not to wrap */
if (signed_add_overflows(*offset, size))
die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
*offset += size;
return WRITE_ONE_WRITTEN;
}
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
static int mark_tagged(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
void *cb_data)
{
unsigned char peeled[20];
struct object_entry *entry = locate_object_entry(sha1);
if (entry)
entry->tagged = 1;
if (!peel_ref(path, peeled)) {
entry = locate_object_entry(peeled);
if (entry)
entry->tagged = 1;
}
return 0;
}
static inline void add_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
unsigned int *endp,
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
struct object_entry *e)
{
if (e->filled)
return;
wo[(*endp)++] = e;
e->filled = 1;
}
static void add_descendants_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
unsigned int *endp,
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
struct object_entry *e)
{
int add_to_order = 1;
while (e) {
if (add_to_order) {
struct object_entry *s;
/* add this node... */
add_to_write_order(wo, endp, e);
/* all its siblings... */
for (s = e->delta_sibling; s; s = s->delta_sibling) {
add_to_write_order(wo, endp, s);
}
}
/* drop down a level to add left subtree nodes if possible */
if (e->delta_child) {
add_to_order = 1;
e = e->delta_child;
} else {
add_to_order = 0;
/* our sibling might have some children, it is next */
if (e->delta_sibling) {
e = e->delta_sibling;
continue;
}
/* go back to our parent node */
e = e->delta;
while (e && !e->delta_sibling) {
/* we're on the right side of a subtree, keep
* going up until we can go right again */
e = e->delta;
}
if (!e) {
/* done- we hit our original root node */
return;
}
/* pass it off to sibling at this level */
e = e->delta_sibling;
}
};
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
}
static void add_family_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
unsigned int *endp,
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
struct object_entry *e)
{
struct object_entry *root;
for (root = e; root->delta; root = root->delta)
; /* nothing */
add_descendants_to_write_order(wo, endp, root);
}
static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
{
unsigned int i, wo_end, last_untagged;
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
struct object_entry **wo = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*wo));
for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
objects[i].tagged = 0;
objects[i].filled = 0;
objects[i].delta_child = NULL;
objects[i].delta_sibling = NULL;
}
/*
* Fully connect delta_child/delta_sibling network.
* Make sure delta_sibling is sorted in the original
* recency order.
*/
for (i = nr_objects; i > 0;) {
struct object_entry *e = &objects[--i];
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
if (!e->delta)
continue;
/* Mark me as the first child */
e->delta_sibling = e->delta->delta_child;
e->delta->delta_child = e;
}
/*
* Mark objects that are at the tip of tags.
*/
for_each_tag_ref(mark_tagged, NULL);
/*
* Give the objects in the original recency order until
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
* we see a tagged tip.
*/
for (i = wo_end = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
if (objects[i].tagged)
break;
add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
}
last_untagged = i;
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
/*
* Then fill all the tagged tips.
*/
for (; i < nr_objects; i++) {
if (objects[i].tagged)
add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
}
/*
* And then all remaining commits and tags.
*/
for (i = last_untagged; i < nr_objects; i++) {
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
if (objects[i].type != OBJ_COMMIT &&
objects[i].type != OBJ_TAG)
continue;
add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
}
/*
* And then all the trees.
*/
for (i = last_untagged; i < nr_objects; i++) {
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
if (objects[i].type != OBJ_TREE)
continue;
add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
}
/*
* Finally all the rest in really tight order
*/
for (i = last_untagged; i < nr_objects; i++) {
if (!objects[i].filled)
add_family_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
}
if (wo_end != nr_objects)
die("ordered %u objects, expected %"PRIu32, wo_end, nr_objects);
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
return wo;
}
static void write_pack_file(void)
{
uint32_t i = 0, j;
struct sha1file *f;
off_t offset;
uint32_t nr_remaining = nr_result;
time_t last_mtime = 0;
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
struct object_entry **write_order;
if (progress > pack_to_stdout)
progress_state = start_progress("Writing objects", nr_result);
written_list = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*written_list));
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
write_order = compute_write_order();
do {
unsigned char sha1[20];
char *pack_tmp_name = NULL;
if (pack_to_stdout)
f = sha1fd_throughput(1, "<stdout>", progress_state);
else
f = create_tmp_packfile(&pack_tmp_name);
offset = write_pack_header(f, nr_remaining);
if (!offset)
die_errno("unable to write pack header");
nr_written = 0;
for (; i < nr_objects; i++) {
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
struct object_entry *e = write_order[i];
if (write_one(f, e, &offset) == WRITE_ONE_BREAK)
break;
display_progress(progress_state, written);
}
pack-objects: learn about pack index version 2 Pack index version 2 goes as follows: - 8 bytes of header with signature and version. - 256 entries of 4-byte first-level fan-out table. - Table of sorted 20-byte SHA1 records for each object in pack. - Table of 4-byte CRC32 entries for raw pack object data. - Table of 4-byte offset entries for objects in the pack if offset is representable with 31 bits or less, otherwise it is an index in the next table with top bit set. - Table of 8-byte offset entries indexed from previous table for offsets which are 32 bits or more (optional). - 20-byte SHA1 checksum of sorted object names. - 20-byte SHA1 checksum of the above. The object SHA1 table is all contiguous so future pack format that would contain this table directly won't require big changes to the code. It is also tighter for slightly better cache locality when looking up entries. Support for large packs exceeding 31 bits in size won't impose an index size bloat for packs within that range that don't need a 64-bit offset. And because newer objects which are likely to be the most frequently used are located at the beginning of the pack, they won't pay the 64-bit offset lookup at run time either even if the pack is large. Right now an index version 2 is created only when the biggest offset in a pack reaches 31 bits. It might be a good idea to always use index version 2 eventually to benefit from the CRC32 it contains when reusing pack data while repacking. [jc: with the "oops" fix to keep track of the last offset correctly] Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2007-04-09 07:06:33 +02:00
/*
* Did we write the wrong # entries in the header?
* If so, rewrite it like in fast-import
*/
if (pack_to_stdout) {
sha1close(f, sha1, CSUM_CLOSE);
} else if (nr_written == nr_remaining) {
sha1close(f, sha1, CSUM_FSYNC);
} else {
int fd = sha1close(f, sha1, 0);
fixup_pack_header_footer(fd, sha1, pack_tmp_name,
nr_written, sha1, offset);
close(fd);
}
if (!pack_to_stdout) {
struct stat st;
char tmpname[PATH_MAX];
/*
* Packs are runtime accessed in their mtime
* order since newer packs are more likely to contain
* younger objects. So if we are creating multiple
* packs then we should modify the mtime of later ones
* to preserve this property.
*/
if (stat(pack_tmp_name, &st) < 0) {
warning("failed to stat %s: %s",
pack_tmp_name, strerror(errno));
} else if (!last_mtime) {
last_mtime = st.st_mtime;
} else {
struct utimbuf utb;
utb.actime = st.st_atime;
utb.modtime = --last_mtime;
if (utime(pack_tmp_name, &utb) < 0)
warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
tmpname, strerror(errno));
}
/* Enough space for "-<sha-1>.pack"? */
if (sizeof(tmpname) <= strlen(base_name) + 50)
die("pack base name '%s' too long", base_name);
snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-", base_name);
finish_tmp_packfile(tmpname, pack_tmp_name,
written_list, nr_written,
&pack_idx_opts, sha1);
free(pack_tmp_name);
puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
}
/* mark written objects as written to previous pack */
for (j = 0; j < nr_written; j++) {
written_list[j]->offset = (off_t)-1;
}
nr_remaining -= nr_written;
} while (nr_remaining && i < nr_objects);
free(written_list);
pack-objects: optimize "recency order" This optimizes the "recency order" (see pack-heuristics.txt in Documentation/technical/ directory) used to order objects within a packfile in three ways: - Commits at the tip of tags are written together, in the hope that revision traversal done in incremental fetch (which starts by putting them in a revision queue marked as UNINTERESTING) will see a better locality of these objects; - In the original recency order, trees and blobs are intermixed. Write trees together before blobs, in the hope that this will improve locality when running pathspec-limited revision traversal, i.e. "git log paths..."; - When writing blob objects out, write the whole family of blobs that use the same delta base object together, by starting from the root of the delta chain, and writing its immediate children in a width-first manner, in the hope that this will again improve locality when reading blobs that belong to the same path, which are likely to be deltified against each other. I tried various workloads in the Linux kernel repositories (HEAD at v3.0-rc6-71-g4dd1b49) packed with v1.7.6 and with this patch, counting how large seeks are needed between adjacent accesses to objects in the pack, and the result looks promising. The history has 2072052 objects, weighing some 490MiB. * Simple commit-only log. $ git log >/dev/null There are 254656 commits in total. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 258,031 258,032 0.0% percentile : 12 12 10.0% percentile : 259 259 20.0% percentile : 294 294 30.0% percentile : 326 326 40.0% percentile : 363 363 50.0% percentile : 415 415 60.0% percentile : 513 513 70.0% percentile : 857 858 80.0% percentile : 10,434 10,441 90.0% percentile : 91,985 91,996 95.0% percentile : 260,852 260,885 99.0% percentile : 1,150,680 1,152,811 99.9% percentile : 3,148,435 3,148,435 Less than 2MiB seek: 99.70% 99.69% 95% of the pack accesses look at data that is no further than 260kB from the previous location we accessed. The patch does not change the order of commit objects very much, and the result is very similar. * Pathspec-limited log. $ git log drivers/net >/dev/null The path is touched by 26551 commits and merges (among 254656 total). v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 559,511 558,663 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 182 167 20.0% percentile : 259 233 30.0% percentile : 357 304 40.0% percentile : 714 485 50.0% percentile : 5,046 3,976 60.0% percentile : 688,671 443,578 70.0% percentile : 319,574,732 110,370,100 80.0% percentile : 361,647,599 123,707,229 90.0% percentile : 393,195,669 128,947,636 95.0% percentile : 405,496,875 131,609,321 99.0% percentile : 412,942,470 133,078,115 99.5% percentile : 413,172,266 133,163,349 99.9% percentile : 413,354,356 133,240,445 Less than 2MiB seek: 61.71% 62.87% With the current pack heuristics, more than 30% of accesses have to seek further than 300MB; the updated pack heuristics ensures that less than 0.1% of accesses have to seek further than 135MB. This is largely due to the fact that the updated heuristics does not mix blobs and trees together. * Blame. $ git blame drivers/net/ne.c >/dev/null The path is touched by 34 commits and merges. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 178,147 178,166 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 142 139 20.0% percentile : 222 194 30.0% percentile : 373 300 40.0% percentile : 1,168 837 50.0% percentile : 11,248 7,334 60.0% percentile : 305,121,284 106,850,130 70.0% percentile : 361,427,854 123,709,715 80.0% percentile : 388,127,343 128,171,047 90.0% percentile : 399,987,762 130,200,707 95.0% percentile : 408,230,673 132,174,308 99.0% percentile : 412,947,017 133,181,160 99.5% percentile : 413,312,798 133,220,425 99.9% percentile : 413,352,366 133,269,051 Less than 2MiB seek: 56.47% 56.83% The result is very similar to the pathspec-limited log above, which only looks at the tree objects. * Packing recent history. $ (git for-each-ref --format='^%(refname)' refs/tags; echo HEAD) | git pack-objects --revs --stdout >/dev/null This should pack data worth 71 commits. v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 11,511 11,514 0.0% percentile : 0 0 10.0% percentile : 48 47 20.0% percentile : 134 98 30.0% percentile : 332 178 40.0% percentile : 1,386 293 50.0% percentile : 8,030 478 60.0% percentile : 33,676 1,195 70.0% percentile : 147,268 26,216 80.0% percentile : 9,178,662 464,598 90.0% percentile : 67,922,665 965,782 95.0% percentile : 87,773,251 1,226,102 99.0% percentile : 98,011,763 1,932,377 99.5% percentile : 100,074,427 33,642,128 99.9% percentile : 105,336,398 275,772,650 Less than 2MiB seek: 77.09% 99.04% The long-tail part of the result looks worse with the patch, but the change helps majority of the access. 99.04% of the accesses need less than 2MiB of seeking, compared to 77.09% with the current packing heuristics. * Index pack. $ git index-pack -v .git/objects/pack/pack*.pack v1.7.6 with patch Total number of access : 2,791,228 2,788,802 0.0% percentile : 9 9 10.0% percentile : 140 89 20.0% percentile : 233 167 30.0% percentile : 322 235 40.0% percentile : 464 310 50.0% percentile : 862 423 60.0% percentile : 2,566 686 70.0% percentile : 25,827 1,498 80.0% percentile : 1,317,862 4,971 90.0% percentile : 11,926,385 119,398 95.0% percentile : 41,304,149 952,519 99.0% percentile : 227,613,070 6,709,650 99.5% percentile : 321,265,121 11,734,871 99.9% percentile : 382,919,785 33,155,191 Less than 2MiB seek: 81.73% 96.92% As the index-pack command already walks objects in the delta chain order, writing the blobs out in the delta chain order seems to drastically improve the locality of access. Note that a half-a-gigabyte packfile comfortably fits in the buffer cache, and you would unlikely to see much performance difference on a modern and reasonably beefy machine with enough memory and local disks. Benchmarking with cold cache (or over NFS) would be interesting. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-07-01 01:21:58 +02:00
free(write_order);
stop_progress(&progress_state);
if (written != nr_result)
die("wrote %"PRIu32" objects while expecting %"PRIu32,
written, nr_result);
}
static int locate_object_entry_hash(const unsigned char *sha1)
{
int i;
unsigned int ui;
memcpy(&ui, sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
i = ui % object_ix_hashsz;
while (0 < object_ix[i]) {
if (!hashcmp(sha1, objects[object_ix[i] - 1].idx.sha1))
return i;
if (++i == object_ix_hashsz)
i = 0;
}
return -1 - i;
}
static struct object_entry *locate_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1)
{
int i;
if (!object_ix_hashsz)
return NULL;
i = locate_object_entry_hash(sha1);
if (0 <= i)
return &objects[object_ix[i]-1];
return NULL;
}
static void rehash_objects(void)
{
uint32_t i;
struct object_entry *oe;
object_ix_hashsz = nr_objects * 3;
if (object_ix_hashsz < 1024)
object_ix_hashsz = 1024;
object_ix = xrealloc(object_ix, sizeof(int) * object_ix_hashsz);
memset(object_ix, 0, sizeof(int) * object_ix_hashsz);
for (i = 0, oe = objects; i < nr_objects; i++, oe++) {
int ix = locate_object_entry_hash(oe->idx.sha1);
if (0 <= ix)
continue;
ix = -1 - ix;
object_ix[ix] = i + 1;
}
}
static unsigned name_hash(const char *name)
{
Fix big left-shifts of unsigned char Shifting 'unsigned char' or 'unsigned short' left can result in sign extension errors, since the C integer promotion rules means that the unsigned char/short will get implicitly promoted to a signed 'int' due to the shift (or due to other operations). This normally doesn't matter, but if you shift things up sufficiently, it will now set the sign bit in 'int', and a subsequent cast to a bigger type (eg 'long' or 'unsigned long') will now sign-extend the value despite the original expression being unsigned. One example of this would be something like unsigned long size; unsigned char c; size += c << 24; where despite all the variables being unsigned, 'c << 24' ends up being a signed entity, and will get sign-extended when then doing the addition in an 'unsigned long' type. Since git uses 'unsigned char' pointers extensively, we actually have this bug in a couple of places. I may have missed some, but this is the result of looking at git grep '[^0-9 ][ ]*<<[ ][a-z]' -- '*.c' '*.h' git grep '<<[ ]*24' which catches at least the common byte cases (shifting variables by a variable amount, and shifting by 24 bits). I also grepped for just 'unsigned char' variables in general, and converted the ones that most obviously ended up getting implicitly cast immediately anyway (eg hash_name(), encode_85()). In addition to just avoiding 'unsigned char', this patch also tries to use a common idiom for the delta header size thing. We had three different variations on it: "& 0x7fUL" in one place (getting the sign extension right), and "& ~0x80" and "& 0x7f" in two other places (not getting it right). Apart from making them all just avoid using "unsigned char" at all, I also unified them to then use a simple "& 0x7f". I considered making a sparse extension which warns about doing implicit casts from unsigned types to signed types, but it gets rather complex very quickly, so this is just a hack. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2009-06-18 02:22:27 +02:00
unsigned c, hash = 0;
if (!name)
return 0;
/*
* This effectively just creates a sortable number from the
* last sixteen non-whitespace characters. Last characters
* count "most", so things that end in ".c" sort together.
*/
while ((c = *name++) != 0) {
if (isspace(c))
continue;
hash = (hash >> 2) + (c << 24);
}
return hash;
}
static void setup_delta_attr_check(struct git_attr_check *check)
{
static struct git_attr *attr_delta;
if (!attr_delta)
attr_delta = git_attr("delta");
check[0].attr = attr_delta;
}
static int no_try_delta(const char *path)
{
struct git_attr_check check[1];
setup_delta_attr_check(check);
if (git_check_attr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check))
return 0;
if (ATTR_FALSE(check->value))
return 1;
return 0;
}
static int add_object_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
const char *name, int exclude)
{
struct object_entry *entry;
struct packed_git *p, *found_pack = NULL;
off_t found_offset = 0;
int ix;
unsigned hash = name_hash(name);
ix = nr_objects ? locate_object_entry_hash(sha1) : -1;
if (ix >= 0) {
if (exclude) {
entry = objects + object_ix[ix] - 1;
if (!entry->preferred_base)
nr_result--;
entry->preferred_base = 1;
}
return 0;
}
if (!exclude && local && has_loose_object_nonlocal(sha1))
return 0;
for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
off_t offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
if (offset) {
if (!found_pack) {
pack-objects: protect against disappearing packs It's possible that while pack-objects is running, a simultaneously running prune process might delete a pack that we are interested in. Because we load the pack indices early on, we know that the pack contains our item, but by the time we try to open and map it, it is gone. Since c715f78, we already protect against this in the normal object access code path, but pack-objects accesses the packs at a lower level. In the normal access path, we call find_pack_entry, which will call find_pack_entry_one on each pack index, which does the actual lookup. If it gets a hit, we will actually open and verify the validity of the matching packfile (using c715f78's is_pack_valid). If we can't open it, we'll issue a warning and pretend that we didn't find it, causing us to go on to the next pack (or on to loose objects). Furthermore, we will cache the descriptor to the opened packfile. Which means that later, when we actually try to access the object, we are likely to still have that packfile opened, and won't care if it has been unlinked from the filesystem. Notice the "likely" above. If there is another pack access in the interim, and we run out of descriptors, we could close the pack. And then a later attempt to access the closed pack could fail (we'll try to re-open it, of course, but it may have been deleted). In practice, this doesn't happen because we tend to look up items and then access them immediately. Pack-objects does not follow this code path. Instead, it accesses the packs at a much lower level, using find_pack_entry_one directly. This means we skip the is_pack_valid check, and may end up with the name of a packfile, but no open descriptor. We can add the same is_pack_valid check here. Unfortunately, the access patterns of pack-objects are not quite as nice for keeping lookup and object access together. We look up each object as we find out about it, and the only later when writing the packfile do we necessarily access it. Which means that the opened packfile may be closed in the interim. In practice, however, adding this check still has value, for three reasons. 1. If you have a reasonable number of packs and/or a reasonable file descriptor limit, you can keep all of your packs open simultaneously. If this is the case, then the race is impossible to trigger. 2. Even if you can't keep all packs open at once, you may end up keeping the deleted one open (i.e., you may get lucky). 3. The race window is shortened. You may notice early that the pack is gone, and not try to access it. Triggering the problem without this check means deleting the pack any time after we read the list of index files, but before we access the looked-up objects. Triggering it with this check means deleting the pack means deleting the pack after we do a lookup (and successfully access the packfile), but before we access the object. Which is a smaller window. Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net> Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-10-14 20:03:48 +02:00
if (!is_pack_valid(p)) {
warning("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
pack-objects: protect against disappearing packs It's possible that while pack-objects is running, a simultaneously running prune process might delete a pack that we are interested in. Because we load the pack indices early on, we know that the pack contains our item, but by the time we try to open and map it, it is gone. Since c715f78, we already protect against this in the normal object access code path, but pack-objects accesses the packs at a lower level. In the normal access path, we call find_pack_entry, which will call find_pack_entry_one on each pack index, which does the actual lookup. If it gets a hit, we will actually open and verify the validity of the matching packfile (using c715f78's is_pack_valid). If we can't open it, we'll issue a warning and pretend that we didn't find it, causing us to go on to the next pack (or on to loose objects). Furthermore, we will cache the descriptor to the opened packfile. Which means that later, when we actually try to access the object, we are likely to still have that packfile opened, and won't care if it has been unlinked from the filesystem. Notice the "likely" above. If there is another pack access in the interim, and we run out of descriptors, we could close the pack. And then a later attempt to access the closed pack could fail (we'll try to re-open it, of course, but it may have been deleted). In practice, this doesn't happen because we tend to look up items and then access them immediately. Pack-objects does not follow this code path. Instead, it accesses the packs at a much lower level, using find_pack_entry_one directly. This means we skip the is_pack_valid check, and may end up with the name of a packfile, but no open descriptor. We can add the same is_pack_valid check here. Unfortunately, the access patterns of pack-objects are not quite as nice for keeping lookup and object access together. We look up each object as we find out about it, and the only later when writing the packfile do we necessarily access it. Which means that the opened packfile may be closed in the interim. In practice, however, adding this check still has value, for three reasons. 1. If you have a reasonable number of packs and/or a reasonable file descriptor limit, you can keep all of your packs open simultaneously. If this is the case, then the race is impossible to trigger. 2. Even if you can't keep all packs open at once, you may end up keeping the deleted one open (i.e., you may get lucky). 3. The race window is shortened. You may notice early that the pack is gone, and not try to access it. Triggering the problem without this check means deleting the pack any time after we read the list of index files, but before we access the looked-up objects. Triggering it with this check means deleting the pack means deleting the pack after we do a lookup (and successfully access the packfile), but before we access the object. Which is a smaller window. Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net> Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-10-14 20:03:48 +02:00
continue;
}
found_offset = offset;
found_pack = p;
}
if (exclude)
break;
if (incremental)
return 0;
if (local && !p->pack_local)
return 0;
if (ignore_packed_keep && p->pack_local && p->pack_keep)
return 0;
}
}
if (nr_objects >= nr_alloc) {
nr_alloc = (nr_alloc + 1024) * 3 / 2;
objects = xrealloc(objects, nr_alloc * sizeof(*entry));
}
entry = objects + nr_objects++;
memset(entry, 0, sizeof(*entry));
hashcpy(entry->idx.sha1, sha1);
entry->hash = hash;
if (type)
entry->type = type;
if (exclude)
entry->preferred_base = 1;
else
nr_result++;
if (found_pack) {
entry->in_pack = found_pack;
entry->in_pack_offset = found_offset;
}
if (object_ix_hashsz * 3 <= nr_objects * 4)
rehash_objects();
else
object_ix[-1 - ix] = nr_objects;
display_progress(progress_state, nr_objects);
if (name && no_try_delta(name))
entry->no_try_delta = 1;
return 1;
}
struct pbase_tree_cache {
unsigned char sha1[20];
int ref;
int temporary;
void *tree_data;
unsigned long tree_size;
};
static struct pbase_tree_cache *(pbase_tree_cache[256]);
static int pbase_tree_cache_ix(const unsigned char *sha1)
{
return sha1[0] % ARRAY_SIZE(pbase_tree_cache);
}
static int pbase_tree_cache_ix_incr(int ix)
{
return (ix+1) % ARRAY_SIZE(pbase_tree_cache);
}
static struct pbase_tree {
struct pbase_tree *next;
/* This is a phony "cache" entry; we are not
* going to evict it nor find it through _get()
* mechanism -- this is for the toplevel node that
* would almost always change with any commit.
*/
struct pbase_tree_cache pcache;
} *pbase_tree;
static struct pbase_tree_cache *pbase_tree_get(const unsigned char *sha1)
{
struct pbase_tree_cache *ent, *nent;
void *data;
unsigned long size;
enum object_type type;
int neigh;
int my_ix = pbase_tree_cache_ix(sha1);
int available_ix = -1;
/* pbase-tree-cache acts as a limited hashtable.
* your object will be found at your index or within a few
* slots after that slot if it is cached.
*/
for (neigh = 0; neigh < 8; neigh++) {
ent = pbase_tree_cache[my_ix];
if (ent && !hashcmp(ent->sha1, sha1)) {
ent->ref++;
return ent;
}
else if (((available_ix < 0) && (!ent || !ent->ref)) ||
((0 <= available_ix) &&
(!ent && pbase_tree_cache[available_ix])))
available_ix = my_ix;
if (!ent)
break;
my_ix = pbase_tree_cache_ix_incr(my_ix);
}
/* Did not find one. Either we got a bogus request or
* we need to read and perhaps cache.
*/
data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
if (!data)
return NULL;
if (type != OBJ_TREE) {
free(data);
return NULL;
}
/* We need to either cache or return a throwaway copy */
if (available_ix < 0)
ent = NULL;
else {
ent = pbase_tree_cache[available_ix];
my_ix = available_ix;
}
if (!ent) {
nent = xmalloc(sizeof(*nent));
nent->temporary = (available_ix < 0);
}
else {
/* evict and reuse */
free(ent->tree_data);
nent = ent;
}
hashcpy(nent->sha1, sha1);
nent->tree_data = data;
nent->tree_size = size;
nent->ref = 1;
if (!nent->temporary)
pbase_tree_cache[my_ix] = nent;
return nent;
}
static void pbase_tree_put(struct pbase_tree_cache *cache)
{
if (!cache->temporary) {
cache->ref--;
return;
}
free(cache->tree_data);
free(cache);
}
static int name_cmp_len(const char *name)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; name[i] && name[i] != '\n' && name[i] != '/'; i++)
;
return i;
}
static void add_pbase_object(struct tree_desc *tree,
const char *name,
int cmplen,
const char *fullname)
{
tree_entry(): new tree-walking helper function This adds a "tree_entry()" function that combines the common operation of doing a "tree_entry_extract()" + "update_tree_entry()". It also has a simplified calling convention, designed for simple loops that traverse over a whole tree: the arguments are pointers to the tree descriptor and a name_entry structure to fill in, and it returns a boolean "true" if there was an entry left to be gotten in the tree. This allows tree traversal with struct tree_desc desc; struct name_entry entry; desc.buf = tree->buffer; desc.size = tree->size; while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry) { ... use "entry.{path, sha1, mode, pathlen}" ... } which is not only shorter than writing it out in full, it's hopefully less error prone too. [ It's actually a tad faster too - we don't need to recalculate the entry pathlength in both extract and update, but need to do it only once. Also, some callers can avoid doing a "strlen()" on the result, since it's returned as part of the name_entry structure. However, by now we're talking just 1% speedup on "git-rev-list --objects --all", and we're definitely at the point where tree walking is no longer the issue any more. ] NOTE! Not everybody wants to use this new helper function, since some of the tree walkers very much on purpose do the descriptor update separately from the entry extraction. So the "extract + update" sequence still remains as the core sequence, this is just a simplified interface. We should probably add a silly two-line inline helper function for initializing the descriptor from the "struct tree" too, just to cut down on the noise from that common "desc" initializer. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-05-30 18:45:45 +02:00
struct name_entry entry;
int cmp;
tree_entry(): new tree-walking helper function This adds a "tree_entry()" function that combines the common operation of doing a "tree_entry_extract()" + "update_tree_entry()". It also has a simplified calling convention, designed for simple loops that traverse over a whole tree: the arguments are pointers to the tree descriptor and a name_entry structure to fill in, and it returns a boolean "true" if there was an entry left to be gotten in the tree. This allows tree traversal with struct tree_desc desc; struct name_entry entry; desc.buf = tree->buffer; desc.size = tree->size; while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry) { ... use "entry.{path, sha1, mode, pathlen}" ... } which is not only shorter than writing it out in full, it's hopefully less error prone too. [ It's actually a tad faster too - we don't need to recalculate the entry pathlength in both extract and update, but need to do it only once. Also, some callers can avoid doing a "strlen()" on the result, since it's returned as part of the name_entry structure. However, by now we're talking just 1% speedup on "git-rev-list --objects --all", and we're definitely at the point where tree walking is no longer the issue any more. ] NOTE! Not everybody wants to use this new helper function, since some of the tree walkers very much on purpose do the descriptor update separately from the entry extraction. So the "extract + update" sequence still remains as the core sequence, this is just a simplified interface. We should probably add a silly two-line inline helper function for initializing the descriptor from the "struct tree" too, just to cut down on the noise from that common "desc" initializer. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-05-30 18:45:45 +02:00
while (tree_entry(tree,&entry)) {
if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
continue;
cmp = tree_entry_len(&entry) != cmplen ? 1 :
memcmp(name, entry.path, cmplen);
if (cmp > 0)
continue;
if (cmp < 0)
return;
if (name[cmplen] != '/') {
add_object_entry(entry.sha1,
object_type(entry.mode),
fullname, 1);
return;
}
if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
struct tree_desc sub;
struct pbase_tree_cache *tree;
const char *down = name+cmplen+1;
int downlen = name_cmp_len(down);
tree_entry(): new tree-walking helper function This adds a "tree_entry()" function that combines the common operation of doing a "tree_entry_extract()" + "update_tree_entry()". It also has a simplified calling convention, designed for simple loops that traverse over a whole tree: the arguments are pointers to the tree descriptor and a name_entry structure to fill in, and it returns a boolean "true" if there was an entry left to be gotten in the tree. This allows tree traversal with struct tree_desc desc; struct name_entry entry; desc.buf = tree->buffer; desc.size = tree->size; while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry) { ... use "entry.{path, sha1, mode, pathlen}" ... } which is not only shorter than writing it out in full, it's hopefully less error prone too. [ It's actually a tad faster too - we don't need to recalculate the entry pathlength in both extract and update, but need to do it only once. Also, some callers can avoid doing a "strlen()" on the result, since it's returned as part of the name_entry structure. However, by now we're talking just 1% speedup on "git-rev-list --objects --all", and we're definitely at the point where tree walking is no longer the issue any more. ] NOTE! Not everybody wants to use this new helper function, since some of the tree walkers very much on purpose do the descriptor update separately from the entry extraction. So the "extract + update" sequence still remains as the core sequence, this is just a simplified interface. We should probably add a silly two-line inline helper function for initializing the descriptor from the "struct tree" too, just to cut down on the noise from that common "desc" initializer. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-05-30 18:45:45 +02:00
tree = pbase_tree_get(entry.sha1);
if (!tree)
return;
init_tree_desc(&sub, tree->tree_data, tree->tree_size);
add_pbase_object(&sub, down, downlen, fullname);
pbase_tree_put(tree);
}
}
}
static unsigned *done_pbase_paths;
static int done_pbase_paths_num;
static int done_pbase_paths_alloc;
static int done_pbase_path_pos(unsigned hash)
{
int lo = 0;
int hi = done_pbase_paths_num;
while (lo < hi) {
int mi = (hi + lo) / 2;
if (done_pbase_paths[mi] == hash)
return mi;
if (done_pbase_paths[mi] < hash)
hi = mi;
else
lo = mi + 1;
}
return -lo-1;
}
static int check_pbase_path(unsigned hash)
{
int pos = (!done_pbase_paths) ? -1 : done_pbase_path_pos(hash);
if (0 <= pos)
return 1;
pos = -pos - 1;
if (done_pbase_paths_alloc <= done_pbase_paths_num) {
done_pbase_paths_alloc = alloc_nr(done_pbase_paths_alloc);
done_pbase_paths = xrealloc(done_pbase_paths,
done_pbase_paths_alloc *
sizeof(unsigned));
}
done_pbase_paths_num++;
if (pos < done_pbase_paths_num)
memmove(done_pbase_paths + pos + 1,
done_pbase_paths + pos,
(done_pbase_paths_num - pos - 1) * sizeof(unsigned));
done_pbase_paths[pos] = hash;
return 0;
}
static void add_preferred_base_object(const char *name)
{
struct pbase_tree *it;
int cmplen;
unsigned hash = name_hash(name);
if (!num_preferred_base || check_pbase_path(hash))
return;
cmplen = name_cmp_len(name);
for (it = pbase_tree; it; it = it->next) {
if (cmplen == 0) {
add_object_entry(it->pcache.sha1, OBJ_TREE, NULL, 1);
}
else {
struct tree_desc tree;
init_tree_desc(&tree, it->pcache.tree_data, it->pcache.tree_size);
add_pbase_object(&tree, name, cmplen, name);
}
}
}
static void add_preferred_base(unsigned char *sha1)
{
struct pbase_tree *it;
void *data;
unsigned long size;
unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
if (window <= num_preferred_base++)
return;
data = read_object_with_reference(sha1, tree_type, &size, tree_sha1);
if (!data)
return;
for (it = pbase_tree; it; it = it->next) {
if (!hashcmp(it->pcache.sha1, tree_sha1)) {
free(data);
return;
}
}
it = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*it));
it->next = pbase_tree;
pbase_tree = it;
hashcpy(it->pcache.sha1, tree_sha1);
it->pcache.tree_data = data;
it->pcache.tree_size = size;
}
static void cleanup_preferred_base(void)
{
struct pbase_tree *it;
unsigned i;
it = pbase_tree;
pbase_tree = NULL;
while (it) {
struct pbase_tree *this = it;
it = this->next;
free(this->pcache.tree_data);
free(this);
}
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pbase_tree_cache); i++) {
if (!pbase_tree_cache[i])
continue;
free(pbase_tree_cache[i]->tree_data);
free(pbase_tree_cache[i]);
pbase_tree_cache[i] = NULL;
}
free(done_pbase_paths);
done_pbase_paths = NULL;
done_pbase_paths_num = done_pbase_paths_alloc = 0;
}
static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
{
if (entry->in_pack) {
struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
Replace use_packed_git with window cursors. Part of the implementation concept of the sliding mmap window for pack access is to permit multiple windows per pack to be mapped independently. Since the inuse_cnt is associated with the mmap and not with the file, this value is in struct pack_window and needs to be incremented/decremented for each pack_window accessed by any code. To faciliate that implementation we need to replace all uses of use_packed_git() and unuse_packed_git() with a different API that follows struct pack_window objects rather than struct packed_git. The way this works is when we need to start accessing a pack for the first time we should setup a new window 'cursor' by declaring a local and setting it to NULL: struct pack_windows *w_curs = NULL; To obtain the memory region which contains a specific section of the pack file we invoke use_pack(), supplying the address of our current window cursor: unsigned int len; unsigned char *addr = use_pack(p, &w_curs, offset, &len); the returned address `addr` will be the first byte at `offset` within the pack file. The optional variable len will also be updated with the number of bytes remaining following the address. Multiple calls to use_pack() with the same window cursor will update the window cursor, moving it from one window to another when necessary. In this way each window cursor variable maintains only one struct pack_window inuse at a time. Finally before exiting the scope which originally declared the window cursor we must invoke unuse_pack() to unuse the current window (which may be different from the one that was first obtained from use_pack): unuse_pack(&w_curs); This implementation is still not complete with regards to multiple windows, as only one window per pack file is supported right now. Signed-off-by: Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-12-23 08:34:08 +01:00
struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
const unsigned char *base_ref = NULL;
struct object_entry *base_entry;
unsigned long used, used_0;
2011-06-10 20:52:15 +02:00
unsigned long avail;
off_t ofs;
unsigned char *buf, c;
buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs, entry->in_pack_offset, &avail);
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
/*
* We want in_pack_type even if we do not reuse delta
* since non-delta representations could still be reused.
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
*/
used = unpack_object_header_buffer(buf, avail,
&entry->in_pack_type,
&entry->size);
if (used == 0)
goto give_up;
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
/*
* Determine if this is a delta and if so whether we can
* reuse it or not. Otherwise let's find out as cheaply as
* possible what the actual type and size for this object is.
*/
switch (entry->in_pack_type) {
default:
/* Not a delta hence we've already got all we need. */
entry->type = entry->in_pack_type;
entry->in_pack_header_size = used;
if (entry->type < OBJ_COMMIT || entry->type > OBJ_BLOB)
goto give_up;
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
return;
case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
if (reuse_delta && !entry->preferred_base)
base_ref = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
entry->in_pack_offset + used, NULL);
entry->in_pack_header_size = used + 20;
break;
case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
buf = use_pack(p, &w_curs,
entry->in_pack_offset + used, NULL);
used_0 = 0;
c = buf[used_0++];
ofs = c & 127;
while (c & 128) {
ofs += 1;
if (!ofs || MSB(ofs, 7)) {
error("delta base offset overflow in pack for %s",
sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
goto give_up;
}
c = buf[used_0++];
ofs = (ofs << 7) + (c & 127);
}
ofs = entry->in_pack_offset - ofs;
if (ofs <= 0 || ofs >= entry->in_pack_offset) {
error("delta base offset out of bound for %s",
sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
goto give_up;
}
if (reuse_delta && !entry->preferred_base) {
struct revindex_entry *revidx;
revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, ofs);
if (!revidx)
goto give_up;
base_ref = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
}
entry->in_pack_header_size = used + used_0;
break;
}
if (base_ref && (base_entry = locate_object_entry(base_ref))) {
/*
* If base_ref was set above that means we wish to
* reuse delta data, and we even found that base
* in the list of objects we want to pack. Goodie!
*
* Depth value does not matter - find_deltas() will
* never consider reused delta as the base object to
* deltify other objects against, in order to avoid
* circular deltas.
*/
entry->type = entry->in_pack_type;
entry->delta = base_entry;
entry->delta_size = entry->size;
entry->delta_sibling = base_entry->delta_child;
base_entry->delta_child = entry;
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
return;
}
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
if (entry->type) {
/*
* This must be a delta and we already know what the
* final object type is. Let's extract the actual
* object size from the delta header.
*/
entry->size = get_size_from_delta(p, &w_curs,
entry->in_pack_offset + entry->in_pack_header_size);
if (entry->size == 0)
goto give_up;
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
return;
}
/*
* No choice but to fall back to the recursive delta walk
* with sha1_object_info() to find about the object type
* at this point...
*/
give_up:
unuse_pack(&w_curs);
}
entry->type = sha1_object_info(entry->idx.sha1, &entry->size);
/*
* The error condition is checked in prepare_pack(). This is
* to permit a missing preferred base object to be ignored
* as a preferred base. Doing so can result in a larger
* pack file, but the transfer will still take place.
*/
}
static int pack_offset_sort(const void *_a, const void *_b)
{
const struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
const struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
/* avoid filesystem trashing with loose objects */
if (!a->in_pack && !b->in_pack)
return hashcmp(a->idx.sha1, b->idx.sha1);
if (a->in_pack < b->in_pack)
return -1;
if (a->in_pack > b->in_pack)
return 1;
return a->in_pack_offset < b->in_pack_offset ? -1 :
(a->in_pack_offset > b->in_pack_offset);
}
static void get_object_details(void)
{
uint32_t i;
struct object_entry **sorted_by_offset;
sorted_by_offset = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct object_entry *));
for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
sorted_by_offset[i] = objects + i;
qsort(sorted_by_offset, nr_objects, sizeof(*sorted_by_offset), pack_offset_sort);
for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
struct object_entry *entry = sorted_by_offset[i];
check_object(entry);
if (big_file_threshold <= entry->size)
entry->no_try_delta = 1;
}
free(sorted_by_offset);
}
/*
* We search for deltas in a list sorted by type, by filename hash, and then
* by size, so that we see progressively smaller and smaller files.
* That's because we prefer deltas to be from the bigger file
* to the smaller -- deletes are potentially cheaper, but perhaps
* more importantly, the bigger file is likely the more recent
* one. The deepest deltas are therefore the oldest objects which are
* less susceptible to be accessed often.
*/
static int type_size_sort(const void *_a, const void *_b)
{
const struct object_entry *a = *(struct object_entry **)_a;
const struct object_entry *b = *(struct object_entry **)_b;
if (a->type > b->type)
return -1;
if (a->type < b->type)
return 1;
if (a->hash > b->hash)
return -1;
if (a->hash < b->hash)
return 1;
if (a->preferred_base > b->preferred_base)
return -1;
if (a->preferred_base < b->preferred_base)
return 1;
if (a->size > b->size)
return -1;
if (a->size < b->size)
return 1;
return a < b ? -1 : (a > b); /* newest first */
}
struct unpacked {
struct object_entry *entry;
void *data;
struct delta_index *index;
unsigned depth;
};
static int delta_cacheable(unsigned long src_size, unsigned long trg_size,
unsigned long delta_size)
{
if (max_delta_cache_size && delta_cache_size + delta_size > max_delta_cache_size)
return 0;
if (delta_size < cache_max_small_delta_size)
return 1;
/* cache delta, if objects are large enough compared to delta size */
if ((src_size >> 20) + (trg_size >> 21) > (delta_size >> 10))
return 1;
return 0;
}
#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
static pthread_mutex_t read_mutex;
#define read_lock() pthread_mutex_lock(&read_mutex)
#define read_unlock() pthread_mutex_unlock(&read_mutex)
static pthread_mutex_t cache_mutex;
#define cache_lock() pthread_mutex_lock(&cache_mutex)
#define cache_unlock() pthread_mutex_unlock(&cache_mutex)
static pthread_mutex_t progress_mutex;
#define progress_lock() pthread_mutex_lock(&progress_mutex)
#define progress_unlock() pthread_mutex_unlock(&progress_mutex)
#else
#define read_lock() (void)0
#define read_unlock() (void)0
#define cache_lock() (void)0
#define cache_unlock() (void)0
#define progress_lock() (void)0
#define progress_unlock() (void)0
#endif
static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
unsigned max_depth, unsigned long *mem_usage)
{
struct object_entry *trg_entry = trg->entry;
struct object_entry *src_entry = src->entry;
unsigned long trg_size, src_size, delta_size, sizediff, max_size, sz;
unsigned ref_depth;
enum object_type type;
void *delta_buf;
/* Don't bother doing diffs between different types */
if (trg_entry->type != src_entry->type)
return -1;
/*
thin-pack: try harder to use preferred base objects as base When creating a pack using objects that reside in existing packs, we try to avoid recomputing futile delta between an object (trg) and a candidate for its base object (src) if they are stored in the same packfile, and trg is not recorded as a delta already. This heuristics makes sense because it is likely that we tried to express trg as a delta based on src but it did not produce a good delta when we created the existing pack. As the pack heuristics prefer producing delta to remove data, and Linus's law dictates that the size of a file grows over time, we tend to record the newest version of the file as inflated, and older ones as delta against it. When creating a thin-pack to transfer recent history, it is likely that we will try to send an object that is recorded in full, as it is newer. But the heuristics to avoid recomputing futile delta effectively forbids us from attempting to express such an object as a delta based on another object. Sending an object in full is often more expensive than sending a suboptimal delta based on other objects, and it is even more so if we could use an object we know the receiving end already has (i.e. preferred base object) as the delta base. Tweak the recomputation avoidance logic, so that we do not punt on computing delta against a preferred base object. The effect of this change can be seen on two simulated upload-pack workloads. The first is based on 44 reflog entries from my git.git origin/master reflog, and represents the packs that kernel.org sent me git updates for the past month or two. The second workload represents much larger fetches, going from git's v1.0.0 tag to v1.1.0, then v1.1.0 to v1.2.0, and so on. The table below shows the average generated pack size and the average CPU time consumed for each dataset, both before and after the patch: dataset | reflog | tags --------------------------------- before | 53358 | 2750977 size after | 32398 | 2668479 change | -39% | -3% --------------------------------- before | 0.18 | 1.12 CPU after | 0.18 | 1.15 change | +0% | +3% This patch makes a much bigger difference for packs with a shorter slice of history (since its effect is seen at the boundaries of the pack) though it has some benefit even for larger packs. Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-01-12 23:32:34 +01:00
* We do not bother to try a delta that we discarded on an
* earlier try, but only when reusing delta data. Note that
* src_entry that is marked as the preferred_base should always
* be considered, as even if we produce a suboptimal delta against
* it, we will still save the transfer cost, as we already know
* the other side has it and we won't send src_entry at all.
*/
if (reuse_delta && trg_entry->in_pack &&
trg_entry->in_pack == src_entry->in_pack &&
thin-pack: try harder to use preferred base objects as base When creating a pack using objects that reside in existing packs, we try to avoid recomputing futile delta between an object (trg) and a candidate for its base object (src) if they are stored in the same packfile, and trg is not recorded as a delta already. This heuristics makes sense because it is likely that we tried to express trg as a delta based on src but it did not produce a good delta when we created the existing pack. As the pack heuristics prefer producing delta to remove data, and Linus's law dictates that the size of a file grows over time, we tend to record the newest version of the file as inflated, and older ones as delta against it. When creating a thin-pack to transfer recent history, it is likely that we will try to send an object that is recorded in full, as it is newer. But the heuristics to avoid recomputing futile delta effectively forbids us from attempting to express such an object as a delta based on another object. Sending an object in full is often more expensive than sending a suboptimal delta based on other objects, and it is even more so if we could use an object we know the receiving end already has (i.e. preferred base object) as the delta base. Tweak the recomputation avoidance logic, so that we do not punt on computing delta against a preferred base object. The effect of this change can be seen on two simulated upload-pack workloads. The first is based on 44 reflog entries from my git.git origin/master reflog, and represents the packs that kernel.org sent me git updates for the past month or two. The second workload represents much larger fetches, going from git's v1.0.0 tag to v1.1.0, then v1.1.0 to v1.2.0, and so on. The table below shows the average generated pack size and the average CPU time consumed for each dataset, both before and after the patch: dataset | reflog | tags --------------------------------- before | 53358 | 2750977 size after | 32398 | 2668479 change | -39% | -3% --------------------------------- before | 0.18 | 1.12 CPU after | 0.18 | 1.15 change | +0% | +3% This patch makes a much bigger difference for packs with a shorter slice of history (since its effect is seen at the boundaries of the pack) though it has some benefit even for larger packs. Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-01-12 23:32:34 +01:00
!src_entry->preferred_base &&
trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA &&
trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
return 0;
/* Let's not bust the allowed depth. */
if (src->depth >= max_depth)
return 0;
/* Now some size filtering heuristics. */
trg_size = trg_entry->size;
if (!trg_entry->delta) {
max_size = trg_size/2 - 20;
ref_depth = 1;
} else {
max_size = trg_entry->delta_size;
ref_depth = trg->depth;
}
max_size = (uint64_t)max_size * (max_depth - src->depth) /
(max_depth - ref_depth + 1);
if (max_size == 0)
return 0;
src_size = src_entry->size;
sizediff = src_size < trg_size ? trg_size - src_size : 0;
if (sizediff >= max_size)
return 0;
if (trg_size < src_size / 32)
return 0;
/* Load data if not already done */
if (!trg->data) {
read_lock();
trg->data = read_sha1_file(trg_entry->idx.sha1, &type, &sz);
read_unlock();
if (!trg->data)
die("object %s cannot be read",
sha1_to_hex(trg_entry->idx.sha1));
if (sz != trg_size)
die("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)",
sha1_to_hex(trg_entry->idx.sha1), sz, trg_size);
*mem_usage += sz;
}
if (!src->data) {
read_lock();
src->data = read_sha1_file(src_entry->idx.sha1, &type, &sz);
read_unlock();
if (!src->data) {
if (src_entry->preferred_base) {
static int warned = 0;
if (!warned++)
warning("object %s cannot be read",
sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1));
/*
* Those objects are not included in the
* resulting pack. Be resilient and ignore
* them if they can't be read, in case the
* pack could be created nevertheless.
*/
return 0;
}
die("object %s cannot be read",
sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1));
}
if (sz != src_size)
die("object %s inconsistent object length (%lu vs %lu)",
sha1_to_hex(src_entry->idx.sha1), sz, src_size);
*mem_usage += sz;
}
if (!src->index) {
src->index = create_delta_index(src->data, src_size);
if (!src->index) {
static int warned = 0;
if (!warned++)
warning("suboptimal pack - out of memory");
return 0;
}
*mem_usage += sizeof_delta_index(src->index);
}
delta_buf = create_delta(src->index, trg->data, trg_size, &delta_size, max_size);
if (!delta_buf)
return 0;
if (trg_entry->delta) {
/* Prefer only shallower same-sized deltas. */
if (delta_size == trg_entry->delta_size &&
src->depth + 1 >= trg->depth) {
free(delta_buf);
return 0;
}
}
/*
* Handle memory allocation outside of the cache
* accounting lock. Compiler will optimize the strangeness
* away when NO_PTHREADS is defined.
*/
Avoid unnecessary "if-before-free" tests. This change removes all obvious useless if-before-free tests. E.g., it replaces code like this: if (some_expression) free (some_expression); with the now-equivalent: free (some_expression); It is equivalent not just because POSIX has required free(NULL) to work for a long time, but simply because it has worked for so long that no reasonable porting target fails the test. Here's some evidence from nearly 1.5 years ago: http://www.winehq.org/pipermail/wine-patches/2006-October/031544.html FYI, the change below was prepared by running the following: git ls-files -z | xargs -0 \ perl -0x3b -pi -e \ 's/\bif\s*\(\s*(\S+?)(?:\s*!=\s*NULL)?\s*\)\s+(free\s*\(\s*\1\s*\))/$2/s' Note however, that it doesn't handle brace-enclosed blocks like "if (x) { free (x); }". But that's ok, since there were none like that in git sources. Beware: if you do use the above snippet, note that it can produce syntactically invalid C code. That happens when the affected "if"-statement has a matching "else". E.g., it would transform this if (x) free (x); else foo (); into this: free (x); else foo (); There were none of those here, either. If you're interested in automating detection of the useless tests, you might like the useless-if-before-free script in gnulib: [it *does* detect brace-enclosed free statements, and has a --name=S option to make it detect free-like functions with different names] http://git.sv.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=gnulib.git;a=blob;f=build-aux/useless-if-before-free Addendum: Remove one more (in imap-send.c), spotted by Jean-Luc Herren <jlh@gmx.ch>. Signed-off-by: Jim Meyering <meyering@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-01-31 18:26:32 +01:00
free(trg_entry->delta_data);
cache_lock();
if (trg_entry->delta_data) {
delta_cache_size -= trg_entry->delta_size;
trg_entry->delta_data = NULL;
}
if (delta_cacheable(src_size, trg_size, delta_size)) {
delta_cache_size += delta_size;
cache_unlock();
trg_entry->delta_data = xrealloc(delta_buf, delta_size);
} else {
cache_unlock();
free(delta_buf);
}
trg_entry->delta = src_entry;
trg_entry->delta_size = delta_size;
trg->depth = src->depth + 1;
return 1;
}
static unsigned int check_delta_limit(struct object_entry *me, unsigned int n)
{
struct object_entry *child = me->delta_child;
unsigned int m = n;
while (child) {
unsigned int c = check_delta_limit(child, n + 1);
if (m < c)
m = c;
child = child->delta_sibling;
}
return m;
}
static unsigned long free_unpacked(struct unpacked *n)
{
unsigned long freed_mem = sizeof_delta_index(n->index);
free_delta_index(n->index);
n->index = NULL;
if (n->data) {
freed_mem += n->entry->size;
free(n->data);
n->data = NULL;
}
n->entry = NULL;
n->depth = 0;
return freed_mem;
}
static void find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned *list_size,
int window, int depth, unsigned *processed)
{
uint32_t i, idx = 0, count = 0;
struct unpacked *array;
unsigned long mem_usage = 0;
array = xcalloc(window, sizeof(struct unpacked));
for (;;) {
struct object_entry *entry;
struct unpacked *n = array + idx;
int j, max_depth, best_base = -1;
progress_lock();
if (!*list_size) {
progress_unlock();
break;
}
entry = *list++;
(*list_size)--;
if (!entry->preferred_base) {
(*processed)++;
display_progress(progress_state, *processed);
}
progress_unlock();
mem_usage -= free_unpacked(n);
n->entry = entry;
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
while (window_memory_limit &&
mem_usage > window_memory_limit &&
count > 1) {
uint32_t tail = (idx + window - count) % window;
mem_usage -= free_unpacked(array + tail);
count--;
}
/* We do not compute delta to *create* objects we are not
* going to pack.
*/
if (entry->preferred_base)
goto next;
/*
* If the current object is at pack edge, take the depth the
* objects that depend on the current object into account
* otherwise they would become too deep.
*/
max_depth = depth;
if (entry->delta_child) {
max_depth -= check_delta_limit(entry, 0);
if (max_depth <= 0)
goto next;
}
j = window;
while (--j > 0) {
Keep last used delta base in the delta window This is based on Martin Koegler's idea to keep the object that was successfully used as the base of the delta when it is about to fall off the edge of the window. Instead of doing so only for the objects at the edge of the window, this makes the window a lru eviction mechanism. If an entry is used as a base, it is moved to the last of the queue to be evicted. This is a quick-and-dirty implementation, as it keeps the original implementation of the data structure used for the window. This originally was done as an array, not as an array of pointers, because it was meant to be used as a cyclic FIFO buffer and a plain array avoids an extra pointer indirection, while its FIFOness eant that we are not "moving" the entries like this patch does. The runtime from three versions were comparable. It seems to make the resulting chain even shorter, which can only be good. (stock "master") 15782196 bytes chain length = 1: 2972 objects chain length = 2: 2651 objects chain length = 3: 2369 objects chain length = 4: 2121 objects chain length = 5: 1877 objects ... chain length = 46: 490 objects chain length = 47: 515 objects chain length = 48: 527 objects chain length = 49: 570 objects chain length = 50: 408 objects (with your patch) 15745736 bytes (0.23% smaller) chain length = 1: 3137 objects chain length = 2: 2688 objects chain length = 3: 2322 objects chain length = 4: 2146 objects chain length = 5: 1824 objects ... chain length = 46: 503 objects chain length = 47: 509 objects chain length = 48: 536 objects chain length = 49: 588 objects chain length = 50: 357 objects (with this patch) 15612086 bytes (1.08% smaller) chain length = 1: 4831 objects chain length = 2: 3811 objects chain length = 3: 2964 objects chain length = 4: 2352 objects chain length = 5: 1944 objects ... chain length = 46: 327 objects chain length = 47: 353 objects chain length = 48: 304 objects chain length = 49: 298 objects chain length = 50: 135 objects [jc: this is with code simplification follow-up from Nico] Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2007-09-02 08:53:47 +02:00
int ret;
uint32_t other_idx = idx + j;
struct unpacked *m;
if (other_idx >= window)
other_idx -= window;
m = array + other_idx;
if (!m->entry)
break;
ret = try_delta(n, m, max_depth, &mem_usage);
Keep last used delta base in the delta window This is based on Martin Koegler's idea to keep the object that was successfully used as the base of the delta when it is about to fall off the edge of the window. Instead of doing so only for the objects at the edge of the window, this makes the window a lru eviction mechanism. If an entry is used as a base, it is moved to the last of the queue to be evicted. This is a quick-and-dirty implementation, as it keeps the original implementation of the data structure used for the window. This originally was done as an array, not as an array of pointers, because it was meant to be used as a cyclic FIFO buffer and a plain array avoids an extra pointer indirection, while its FIFOness eant that we are not "moving" the entries like this patch does. The runtime from three versions were comparable. It seems to make the resulting chain even shorter, which can only be good. (stock "master") 15782196 bytes chain length = 1: 2972 objects chain length = 2: 2651 objects chain length = 3: 2369 objects chain length = 4: 2121 objects chain length = 5: 1877 objects ... chain length = 46: 490 objects chain length = 47: 515 objects chain length = 48: 527 objects chain length = 49: 570 objects chain length = 50: 408 objects (with your patch) 15745736 bytes (0.23% smaller) chain length = 1: 3137 objects chain length = 2: 2688 objects chain length = 3: 2322 objects chain length = 4: 2146 objects chain length = 5: 1824 objects ... chain length = 46: 503 objects chain length = 47: 509 objects chain length = 48: 536 objects chain length = 49: 588 objects chain length = 50: 357 objects (with this patch) 15612086 bytes (1.08% smaller) chain length = 1: 4831 objects chain length = 2: 3811 objects chain length = 3: 2964 objects chain length = 4: 2352 objects chain length = 5: 1944 objects ... chain length = 46: 327 objects chain length = 47: 353 objects chain length = 48: 304 objects chain length = 49: 298 objects chain length = 50: 135 objects [jc: this is with code simplification follow-up from Nico] Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2007-09-02 08:53:47 +02:00
if (ret < 0)
break;
Keep last used delta base in the delta window This is based on Martin Koegler's idea to keep the object that was successfully used as the base of the delta when it is about to fall off the edge of the window. Instead of doing so only for the objects at the edge of the window, this makes the window a lru eviction mechanism. If an entry is used as a base, it is moved to the last of the queue to be evicted. This is a quick-and-dirty implementation, as it keeps the original implementation of the data structure used for the window. This originally was done as an array, not as an array of pointers, because it was meant to be used as a cyclic FIFO buffer and a plain array avoids an extra pointer indirection, while its FIFOness eant that we are not "moving" the entries like this patch does. The runtime from three versions were comparable. It seems to make the resulting chain even shorter, which can only be good. (stock "master") 15782196 bytes chain length = 1: 2972 objects chain length = 2: 2651 objects chain length = 3: 2369 objects chain length = 4: 2121 objects chain length = 5: 1877 objects ... chain length = 46: 490 objects chain length = 47: 515 objects chain length = 48: 527 objects chain length = 49: 570 objects chain length = 50: 408 objects (with your patch) 15745736 bytes (0.23% smaller) chain length = 1: 3137 objects chain length = 2: 2688 objects chain length = 3: 2322 objects chain length = 4: 2146 objects chain length = 5: 1824 objects ... chain length = 46: 503 objects chain length = 47: 509 objects chain length = 48: 536 objects chain length = 49: 588 objects chain length = 50: 357 objects (with this patch) 15612086 bytes (1.08% smaller) chain length = 1: 4831 objects chain length = 2: 3811 objects chain length = 3: 2964 objects chain length = 4: 2352 objects chain length = 5: 1944 objects ... chain length = 46: 327 objects chain length = 47: 353 objects chain length = 48: 304 objects chain length = 49: 298 objects chain length = 50: 135 objects [jc: this is with code simplification follow-up from Nico] Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2007-09-02 08:53:47 +02:00
else if (ret > 0)
best_base = other_idx;
}
/*
* If we decided to cache the delta data, then it is best
* to compress it right away. First because we have to do
* it anyway, and doing it here while we're threaded will
* save a lot of time in the non threaded write phase,
* as well as allow for caching more deltas within
* the same cache size limit.
* ...
* But only if not writing to stdout, since in that case
* the network is most likely throttling writes anyway,
* and therefore it is best to go to the write phase ASAP
* instead, as we can afford spending more time compressing
* between writes at that moment.
*/
if (entry->delta_data && !pack_to_stdout) {
entry->z_delta_size = do_compress(&entry->delta_data,
entry->delta_size);
cache_lock();
delta_cache_size -= entry->delta_size;
delta_cache_size += entry->z_delta_size;
cache_unlock();
}
/* if we made n a delta, and if n is already at max
* depth, leaving it in the window is pointless. we
* should evict it first.
*/
if (entry->delta && max_depth <= n->depth)
continue;
Keep last used delta base in the delta window This is based on Martin Koegler's idea to keep the object that was successfully used as the base of the delta when it is about to fall off the edge of the window. Instead of doing so only for the objects at the edge of the window, this makes the window a lru eviction mechanism. If an entry is used as a base, it is moved to the last of the queue to be evicted. This is a quick-and-dirty implementation, as it keeps the original implementation of the data structure used for the window. This originally was done as an array, not as an array of pointers, because it was meant to be used as a cyclic FIFO buffer and a plain array avoids an extra pointer indirection, while its FIFOness eant that we are not "moving" the entries like this patch does. The runtime from three versions were comparable. It seems to make the resulting chain even shorter, which can only be good. (stock "master") 15782196 bytes chain length = 1: 2972 objects chain length = 2: 2651 objects chain length = 3: 2369 objects chain length = 4: 2121 objects chain length = 5: 1877 objects ... chain length = 46: 490 objects chain length = 47: 515 objects chain length = 48: 527 objects chain length = 49: 570 objects chain length = 50: 408 objects (with your patch) 15745736 bytes (0.23% smaller) chain length = 1: 3137 objects chain length = 2: 2688 objects chain length = 3: 2322 objects chain length = 4: 2146 objects chain length = 5: 1824 objects ... chain length = 46: 503 objects chain length = 47: 509 objects chain length = 48: 536 objects chain length = 49: 588 objects chain length = 50: 357 objects (with this patch) 15612086 bytes (1.08% smaller) chain length = 1: 4831 objects chain length = 2: 3811 objects chain length = 3: 2964 objects chain length = 4: 2352 objects chain length = 5: 1944 objects ... chain length = 46: 327 objects chain length = 47: 353 objects chain length = 48: 304 objects chain length = 49: 298 objects chain length = 50: 135 objects [jc: this is with code simplification follow-up from Nico] Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2007-09-02 08:53:47 +02:00
/*
* Move the best delta base up in the window, after the
* currently deltified object, to keep it longer. It will
* be the first base object to be attempted next.
*/
if (entry->delta) {
struct unpacked swap = array[best_base];
int dist = (window + idx - best_base) % window;
int dst = best_base;
while (dist--) {
int src = (dst + 1) % window;
array[dst] = array[src];
dst = src;
}
array[dst] = swap;
}
next:
idx++;
if (count + 1 < window)
count++;
if (idx >= window)
idx = 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < window; ++i) {
free_delta_index(array[i].index);
free(array[i].data);
}
free(array);
}
#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
static void try_to_free_from_threads(size_t size)
{
read_lock();
release_pack_memory(size, -1);
read_unlock();
}
static try_to_free_t old_try_to_free_routine;
/*
* The main thread waits on the condition that (at least) one of the workers
* has stopped working (which is indicated in the .working member of
* struct thread_params).
* When a work thread has completed its work, it sets .working to 0 and
* signals the main thread and waits on the condition that .data_ready
* becomes 1.
*/
struct thread_params {
pthread_t thread;
struct object_entry **list;
unsigned list_size;
unsigned remaining;
int window;
int depth;
int working;
int data_ready;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
pthread_cond_t cond;
unsigned *processed;
};
static pthread_cond_t progress_cond;
/*
* Mutex and conditional variable can't be statically-initialized on Windows.
*/
static void init_threaded_search(void)
{
init_recursive_mutex(&read_mutex);
pthread_mutex_init(&cache_mutex, NULL);
pthread_mutex_init(&progress_mutex, NULL);
pthread_cond_init(&progress_cond, NULL);
old_try_to_free_routine = set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_from_threads);
}
static void cleanup_threaded_search(void)
{
set_try_to_free_routine(old_try_to_free_routine);
pthread_cond_destroy(&progress_cond);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&read_mutex);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&cache_mutex);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&progress_mutex);
}
static void *threaded_find_deltas(void *arg)
{
struct thread_params *me = arg;
while (me->remaining) {
find_deltas(me->list, &me->remaining,
me->window, me->depth, me->processed);
progress_lock();
me->working = 0;
pthread_cond_signal(&progress_cond);
progress_unlock();
/*
* We must not set ->data_ready before we wait on the
* condition because the main thread may have set it to 1
* before we get here. In order to be sure that new
* work is available if we see 1 in ->data_ready, it
* was initialized to 0 before this thread was spawned
* and we reset it to 0 right away.
*/
pthread_mutex_lock(&me->mutex);
while (!me->data_ready)
pthread_cond_wait(&me->cond, &me->mutex);
me->data_ready = 0;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&me->mutex);
}
/* leave ->working 1 so that this doesn't get more work assigned */
return NULL;
}
static void ll_find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned list_size,
int window, int depth, unsigned *processed)
{
struct thread_params *p;
int i, ret, active_threads = 0;
init_threaded_search();
if (!delta_search_threads) /* --threads=0 means autodetect */
delta_search_threads = online_cpus();
if (delta_search_threads <= 1) {
find_deltas(list, &list_size, window, depth, processed);
cleanup_threaded_search();
return;
}
if (progress > pack_to_stdout)
fprintf(stderr, "Delta compression using up to %d threads.\n",
delta_search_threads);
p = xcalloc(delta_search_threads, sizeof(*p));
/* Partition the work amongst work threads. */
for (i = 0; i < delta_search_threads; i++) {
unsigned sub_size = list_size / (delta_search_threads - i);
/* don't use too small segments or no deltas will be found */
if (sub_size < 2*window && i+1 < delta_search_threads)
sub_size = 0;
p[i].window = window;
p[i].depth = depth;
p[i].processed = processed;
p[i].working = 1;
p[i].data_ready = 0;
/* try to split chunks on "path" boundaries */
while (sub_size && sub_size < list_size &&
list[sub_size]->hash &&
list[sub_size]->hash == list[sub_size-1]->hash)
sub_size++;
p[i].list = list;
p[i].list_size = sub_size;
p[i].remaining = sub_size;
list += sub_size;
list_size -= sub_size;
}
/* Start work threads. */
for (i = 0; i < delta_search_threads; i++) {
if (!p[i].list_size)
continue;
pthread_mutex_init(&p[i].mutex, NULL);
pthread_cond_init(&p[i].cond, NULL);
ret = pthread_create(&p[i].thread, NULL,
threaded_find_deltas, &p[i]);
if (ret)
die("unable to create thread: %s", strerror(ret));
active_threads++;
}
/*
* Now let's wait for work completion. Each time a thread is done
* with its work, we steal half of the remaining work from the
* thread with the largest number of unprocessed objects and give
* it to that newly idle thread. This ensure good load balancing
* until the remaining object list segments are simply too short
* to be worth splitting anymore.
*/
while (active_threads) {
struct thread_params *target = NULL;
struct thread_params *victim = NULL;
unsigned sub_size = 0;
progress_lock();
for (;;) {
for (i = 0; !target && i < delta_search_threads; i++)
if (!p[i].working)
target = &p[i];
if (target)
break;
pthread_cond_wait(&progress_cond, &progress_mutex);
}
for (i = 0; i < delta_search_threads; i++)
if (p[i].remaining > 2*window &&
(!victim || victim->remaining < p[i].remaining))
victim = &p[i];
if (victim) {
sub_size = victim->remaining / 2;
list = victim->list + victim->list_size - sub_size;
while (sub_size && list[0]->hash &&
list[0]->hash == list[-1]->hash) {
list++;
sub_size--;
}
if (!sub_size) {
/*
* It is possible for some "paths" to have
* so many objects that no hash boundary
* might be found. Let's just steal the
* exact half in that case.
*/
sub_size = victim->remaining / 2;
list -= sub_size;
}
target->list = list;
victim->list_size -= sub_size;
victim->remaining -= sub_size;
}
target->list_size = sub_size;
target->remaining = sub_size;
target->working = 1;
progress_unlock();
pthread_mutex_lock(&target->mutex);
target->data_ready = 1;
pthread_cond_signal(&target->cond);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&target->mutex);
if (!sub_size) {
pthread_join(target->thread, NULL);
pthread_cond_destroy(&target->cond);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&target->mutex);
active_threads--;
}
}
cleanup_threaded_search();
free(p);
}
#else
#define ll_find_deltas(l, s, w, d, p) find_deltas(l, &s, w, d, p)
#endif
static int add_ref_tag(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
{
unsigned char peeled[20];
if (!prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/") && /* is a tag? */
!peel_ref(path, peeled) && /* peelable? */
!is_null_sha1(peeled) && /* annotated tag? */
locate_object_entry(peeled)) /* object packed? */
add_object_entry(sha1, OBJ_TAG, NULL, 0);
return 0;
}
static void prepare_pack(int window, int depth)
{
struct object_entry **delta_list;
uint32_t i, nr_deltas;
unsigned n;
get_object_details();
close another possibility for propagating pack corruption Abstract -------- With index v2 we have a per object CRC to allow quick and safe reuse of pack data when repacking. This, however, doesn't currently prevent a stealth corruption from being propagated into a new pack when _not_ reusing pack data as demonstrated by the modification to t5302 included here. The Context ----------- The Git database is all checksummed with SHA1 hashes. Any kind of corruption can be confirmed by verifying this per object hash against corresponding data. However this can be costly to perform systematically and therefore this check is often not performed at run time when accessing the object database. First, the loose object format is entirely compressed with zlib which already provide a CRC verification of its own when inflating data. Any disk corruption would be caught already in this case. Then, packed objects are also compressed with zlib but only for their actual payload. The object headers and delta base references are not deflated for obvious performance reasons, however this leave them vulnerable to potentially undetected disk corruptions. Object types are often validated against the expected type when they're requested, and deflated size must always match the size recorded in the object header, so those cases are pretty much covered as well. Where corruptions could go unnoticed is in the delta base reference. Of course, in the OBJ_REF_DELTA case, the odds for a SHA1 reference to get corrupted so it actually matches the SHA1 of another object with the same size (the delta header stores the expected size of the base object to apply against) are virtually zero. In the OBJ_OFS_DELTA case, the reference is a pack offset which would have to match the start boundary of a different base object but still with the same size, and although this is relatively much more "probable" than in the OBJ_REF_DELTA case, the probability is also about zero in absolute terms. Still, the possibility exists as demonstrated in t5302 and is certainly greater than a SHA1 collision, especially in the OBJ_OFS_DELTA case which is now the default when repacking. Again, repacking by reusing existing pack data is OK since the per object CRC provided by index v2 guards against any such corruptions. What t5302 failed to test is a full repack in such case. The Solution ------------ As unlikely as this kind of stealth corruption can be in practice, it certainly isn't acceptable to propagate it into a freshly created pack. But, because this is so unlikely, we don't want to pay the run time cost associated with extra validation checks all the time either. Furthermore, consequences of such corruption in anything but repacking should be rather visible, and even if it could be quite unpleasant, it still has far less severe consequences than actively creating bad packs. So the best compromize is to check packed object CRC when unpacking objects, and only during the compression/writing phase of a repack, and only when not streaming the result. The cost of this is minimal (less than 1% CPU time), and visible only with a full repack. Someone with a stats background could provide an objective evaluation of this, but I suspect that it's bad RAM that has more potential for data corruptions at this point, even in those cases where this extra check is not performed. Still, it is best to prevent a known hole for corruption when recreating object data into a new pack. What about the streamed pack case? Well, any client receiving a pack must always consider that pack as untrusty and perform full validation anyway, hence no such stealth corruption could be propagated to remote repositoryes already. It is therefore worthless doing local validation in that case. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-10-31 16:31:08 +01:00
/*
* If we're locally repacking then we need to be doubly careful
* from now on in order to make sure no stealth corruption gets
* propagated to the new pack. Clients receiving streamed packs
* should validate everything they get anyway so no need to incur
* the additional cost here in that case.
*/
if (!pack_to_stdout)
do_check_packed_object_crc = 1;
if (!nr_objects || !window || !depth)
return;
delta_list = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*delta_list));
nr_deltas = n = 0;
for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
struct object_entry *entry = objects + i;
if (entry->delta)
/* This happens if we decided to reuse existing
* delta from a pack. "reuse_delta &&" is implied.
*/
continue;
if (entry->size < 50)
continue;
if (entry->no_try_delta)
continue;
if (!entry->preferred_base) {
nr_deltas++;
if (entry->type < 0)
die("unable to get type of object %s",
sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
} else {
if (entry->type < 0) {
/*
* This object is not found, but we
* don't have to include it anyway.
*/
continue;
}
}
delta_list[n++] = entry;
}
if (nr_deltas && n > 1) {
unsigned nr_done = 0;
if (progress)
progress_state = start_progress("Compressing objects",
nr_deltas);
qsort(delta_list, n, sizeof(*delta_list), type_size_sort);
ll_find_deltas(delta_list, n, window+1, depth, &nr_done);
stop_progress(&progress_state);
if (nr_done != nr_deltas)
die("inconsistency with delta count");
}
free(delta_list);
}
static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
{
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.window")) {
window = git_config_int(k, v);
return 0;
}
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.windowmemory")) {
window_memory_limit = git_config_ulong(k, v);
return 0;
}
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.depth")) {
depth = git_config_int(k, v);
return 0;
}
Custom compression levels for objects and packs Add config variables pack.compression and core.loosecompression , and switch --compression=level to pack-objects. Loose objects will be compressed using core.loosecompression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_BEST_SPEED. Packed objects will be compressed using --compression=level if seen, else pack.compression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION. This is the "pack compression level". Loose objects added to a pack undeltified will be recompressed to the pack compression level if it is unequal to the current loose compression level by the preceding rules, or if the loose object was written while core.legacyheaders = true. Newly deltified loose objects are always compressed to the current pack compression level. Previously packed objects added to a pack are recompressed to the current pack compression level exactly when their deltification status changes, since the previous pack data cannot be reused. In either case, the --no-reuse-object switch from the first patch below will always force recompression to the current pack compression level, instead of assuming the pack compression level hasn't changed and pack data can be reused when possible. This applies on top of the following patches from Nicolas Pitre: [PATCH] allow for undeltified objects not to be reused [PATCH] make "repack -f" imply "pack-objects --no-reuse-object" Signed-off-by: Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2007-05-09 22:56:50 +02:00
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.compression")) {
int level = git_config_int(k, v);
if (level == -1)
level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
die("bad pack compression level %d", level);
pack_compression_level = level;
pack_compression_seen = 1;
return 0;
}
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.deltacachesize")) {
max_delta_cache_size = git_config_int(k, v);
return 0;
}
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.deltacachelimit")) {
cache_max_small_delta_size = git_config_int(k, v);
return 0;
}
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.threads")) {
delta_search_threads = git_config_int(k, v);
if (delta_search_threads < 0)
die("invalid number of threads specified (%d)",
delta_search_threads);
#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
if (delta_search_threads != 1)
warning("no threads support, ignoring %s", k);
#endif
return 0;
}
if (!strcmp(k, "pack.indexversion")) {
pack_idx_opts.version = git_config_int(k, v);
if (pack_idx_opts.version > 2)
die("bad pack.indexversion=%"PRIu32,
pack_idx_opts.version);
return 0;
}
return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
}
static void read_object_list_from_stdin(void)
{
char line[40 + 1 + PATH_MAX + 2];
unsigned char sha1[20];
for (;;) {
if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin)) {
if (feof(stdin))
break;
if (!ferror(stdin))
die("fgets returned NULL, not EOF, not error!");
if (errno != EINTR)
die_errno("fgets");
clearerr(stdin);
continue;
}
if (line[0] == '-') {
if (get_sha1_hex(line+1, sha1))
die("expected edge sha1, got garbage:\n %s",
line);
add_preferred_base(sha1);
continue;
}
if (get_sha1_hex(line, sha1))
die("expected sha1, got garbage:\n %s", line);
add_preferred_base_object(line+41);
add_object_entry(sha1, 0, line+41, 0);
}
}
#define OBJECT_ADDED (1u<<20)
static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
{
add_object_entry(commit->object.sha1, OBJ_COMMIT, NULL, 0);
commit->object.flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
}
static void show_object(struct object *obj,
const struct name_path *path, const char *last,
void *data)
{
show_object(): push path_name() call further down In particular, pushing the "path_name()" call _into_ the show() function would seem to allow - more clarity into who "owns" the name (ie now when we free the name in the show_object callback, it's because we generated it ourselves by calling path_name()) - not calling path_name() at all, either because we don't care about the name in the first place, or because we are actually happy walking the linked list of "struct name_path *" and the last component. Now, I didn't do that latter optimization, because it would require some more coding, but especially looking at "builtin-pack-objects.c", we really don't even want the whole pathname, we really would be better off with the list of path components. Why? We use that name for two things: - add_preferred_base_object(), which actually _wants_ to traverse the path, and now does it by looking for '/' characters! - for 'name_hash()', which only cares about the last 16 characters of a name, so again, generating the full name seems to be just unnecessary work. Anyway, so I didn't look any closer at those things, but it did convince me that the "show_object()" calling convention was crazy, and we're actually better off doing _less_ in list-objects.c, and giving people access to the internal data structures so that they can decide whether they want to generate a path-name or not. This patch does that, and then for people who did use the name (even if they might do something more clever in the future), it just does the straightforward "name = path_name(path, component); .. free(name);" thing. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2009-04-11 03:15:26 +02:00
char *name = path_name(path, last);
process_{tree,blob}: show objects without buffering Here's a less trivial thing, and slightly more dubious one. I was looking at that "struct object_array objects", and wondering why we do that. I have honestly totally forgotten. Why not just call the "show()" function as we encounter the objects? Rather than add the objects to the object_array, and then at the very end going through the array and doing a 'show' on all, just do things more incrementally. Now, there are possible downsides to this: - the "buffer using object_array" _can_ in theory result in at least better I-cache usage (two tight loops rather than one more spread out one). I don't think this is a real issue, but in theory.. - this _does_ change the order of the objects printed. Instead of doing a "process_tree(revs, commit->tree, &objects, NULL, "");" in the loop over the commits (which puts all the root trees _first_ in the object list, this patch just adds them to the list of pending objects, and then we'll traverse them in that order (and thus show each root tree object together with the objects we discover under it) I _think_ the new ordering actually makes more sense, but the object ordering is actually a subtle thing when it comes to packing efficiency, so any change in order is going to have implications for packing. Good or bad, I dunno. - There may be some reason why we did it that odd way with the object array, that I have simply forgotten. Anyway, now that we don't buffer up the objects before showing them that may actually result in lower memory usage during that whole traverse_commit_list() phase. This is seriously not very deeply tested. It makes sense to me, it seems to pass all the tests, it looks ok, but... Does anybody remember why we did that "object_array" thing? It used to be an "object_list" a long long time ago, but got changed into the array due to better memory usage patterns (those linked lists of obejcts are horrible from a memory allocation standpoint). But I wonder why we didn't do this back then. Maybe there's a reason for it. Or maybe there _used_ to be a reason, and no longer is. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2009-04-11 02:27:58 +02:00
add_preferred_base_object(name);
add_object_entry(obj->sha1, obj->type, name, 0);
obj->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
/*
* We will have generated the hash from the name,
* but not saved a pointer to it - we can free it
*/
free((char *)name);
}
static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
{
add_preferred_base(commit->object.sha1);
}
struct in_pack_object {
off_t offset;
struct object *object;
};
struct in_pack {
int alloc;
int nr;
struct in_pack_object *array;
};
static void mark_in_pack_object(struct object *object, struct packed_git *p, struct in_pack *in_pack)
{
in_pack->array[in_pack->nr].offset = find_pack_entry_one(object->sha1, p);
in_pack->array[in_pack->nr].object = object;
in_pack->nr++;
}
/*
* Compare the objects in the offset order, in order to emulate the
* "git rev-list --objects" output that produced the pack originally.
*/
static int ofscmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
{
struct in_pack_object *a = (struct in_pack_object *)a_;
struct in_pack_object *b = (struct in_pack_object *)b_;
if (a->offset < b->offset)
return -1;
else if (a->offset > b->offset)
return 1;
else
return hashcmp(a->object->sha1, b->object->sha1);
}
static void add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(struct rev_info *revs)
{
struct packed_git *p;
struct in_pack in_pack;
uint32_t i;
memset(&in_pack, 0, sizeof(in_pack));
for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
const unsigned char *sha1;
struct object *o;
if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
continue;
if (open_pack_index(p))
die("cannot open pack index");
ALLOC_GROW(in_pack.array,
in_pack.nr + p->num_objects,
in_pack.alloc);
for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
o = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
if (!(o->flags & OBJECT_ADDED))
mark_in_pack_object(o, p, &in_pack);
o->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
}
}
if (in_pack.nr) {
qsort(in_pack.array, in_pack.nr, sizeof(in_pack.array[0]),
ofscmp);
for (i = 0; i < in_pack.nr; i++) {
struct object *o = in_pack.array[i].object;
add_object_entry(o->sha1, o->type, "", 0);
}
}
free(in_pack.array);
}
static int has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1)
{
static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
struct packed_git *p;
p = (last_found != (void *)1) ? last_found : packed_git;
while (p) {
if ((!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep) &&
find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p)) {
last_found = p;
return 1;
}
if (p == last_found)
p = packed_git;
else
p = p->next;
if (p == last_found)
p = p->next;
}
return 0;
}
let pack-objects do the writing of unreachable objects as loose objects Commit ccc1297226b184c40459e9d373cc9eebfb7bd898 changed the behavior of 'git repack -A' so unreachable objects are stored as loose objects. However it did so in a naive and inn efficient way by making packs about to be deleted inaccessible and feeding their content through 'git unpack-objects'. While this works, there are major flaws with this approach: - It is unacceptably sloooooooooooooow. In the Linux kernel repository with no actual unreachable objects, doing 'git repack -A -d' before: real 2m33.220s user 2m21.675s sys 0m3.510s And with this change: real 0m36.849s user 0m24.365s sys 0m1.950s For reference, here's the timing for 'git repack -a -d': real 0m35.816s user 0m22.571s sys 0m2.011s This is explained by the fact that 'git unpack-objects' was used to unpack _every_ objects even if (almost) 100% of them were thrown away. - There is a black out period. Between the removal of the .idx file for the redundant pack and the completion of its unpacking, the unreachable objects become completely unaccessible. This is not a big issue as we're talking about unreachable objects, but some consistency is always good. - There is no way to easily set a sensible mtime for the newly created unreachable loose objects. So, while having a command called "pack-objects" to perform object unpacking looks really odd, this is probably the best compromize to be able to solve the above issues in an efficient way. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-05-14 07:33:53 +02:00
static void loosen_unused_packed_objects(struct rev_info *revs)
{
struct packed_git *p;
uint32_t i;
const unsigned char *sha1;
for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
let pack-objects do the writing of unreachable objects as loose objects Commit ccc1297226b184c40459e9d373cc9eebfb7bd898 changed the behavior of 'git repack -A' so unreachable objects are stored as loose objects. However it did so in a naive and inn efficient way by making packs about to be deleted inaccessible and feeding their content through 'git unpack-objects'. While this works, there are major flaws with this approach: - It is unacceptably sloooooooooooooow. In the Linux kernel repository with no actual unreachable objects, doing 'git repack -A -d' before: real 2m33.220s user 2m21.675s sys 0m3.510s And with this change: real 0m36.849s user 0m24.365s sys 0m1.950s For reference, here's the timing for 'git repack -a -d': real 0m35.816s user 0m22.571s sys 0m2.011s This is explained by the fact that 'git unpack-objects' was used to unpack _every_ objects even if (almost) 100% of them were thrown away. - There is a black out period. Between the removal of the .idx file for the redundant pack and the completion of its unpacking, the unreachable objects become completely unaccessible. This is not a big issue as we're talking about unreachable objects, but some consistency is always good. - There is no way to easily set a sensible mtime for the newly created unreachable loose objects. So, while having a command called "pack-objects" to perform object unpacking looks really odd, this is probably the best compromize to be able to solve the above issues in an efficient way. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-05-14 07:33:53 +02:00
continue;
if (open_pack_index(p))
die("cannot open pack index");
for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
if (!locate_object_entry(sha1) &&
!has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(sha1))
let pack-objects do the writing of unreachable objects as loose objects Commit ccc1297226b184c40459e9d373cc9eebfb7bd898 changed the behavior of 'git repack -A' so unreachable objects are stored as loose objects. However it did so in a naive and inn efficient way by making packs about to be deleted inaccessible and feeding their content through 'git unpack-objects'. While this works, there are major flaws with this approach: - It is unacceptably sloooooooooooooow. In the Linux kernel repository with no actual unreachable objects, doing 'git repack -A -d' before: real 2m33.220s user 2m21.675s sys 0m3.510s And with this change: real 0m36.849s user 0m24.365s sys 0m1.950s For reference, here's the timing for 'git repack -a -d': real 0m35.816s user 0m22.571s sys 0m2.011s This is explained by the fact that 'git unpack-objects' was used to unpack _every_ objects even if (almost) 100% of them were thrown away. - There is a black out period. Between the removal of the .idx file for the redundant pack and the completion of its unpacking, the unreachable objects become completely unaccessible. This is not a big issue as we're talking about unreachable objects, but some consistency is always good. - There is no way to easily set a sensible mtime for the newly created unreachable loose objects. So, while having a command called "pack-objects" to perform object unpacking looks really odd, this is probably the best compromize to be able to solve the above issues in an efficient way. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-05-14 07:33:53 +02:00
if (force_object_loose(sha1, p->mtime))
die("unable to force loose object");
}
}
}
static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
{
struct rev_info revs;
char line[1000];
int flags = 0;
init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
save_commit_buffer = 0;
setup_revisions(ac, av, &revs, NULL);
while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL) {
int len = strlen(line);
if (len && line[len - 1] == '\n')
line[--len] = 0;
if (!len)
break;
if (*line == '-') {
if (!strcmp(line, "--not")) {
flags ^= UNINTERESTING;
continue;
}
die("not a rev '%s'", line);
}
if (handle_revision_arg(line, &revs, flags, 1))
die("bad revision '%s'", line);
}
if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
die("revision walk setup failed");
mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, show_edge);
traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, NULL);
if (keep_unreachable)
add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(&revs);
let pack-objects do the writing of unreachable objects as loose objects Commit ccc1297226b184c40459e9d373cc9eebfb7bd898 changed the behavior of 'git repack -A' so unreachable objects are stored as loose objects. However it did so in a naive and inn efficient way by making packs about to be deleted inaccessible and feeding their content through 'git unpack-objects'. While this works, there are major flaws with this approach: - It is unacceptably sloooooooooooooow. In the Linux kernel repository with no actual unreachable objects, doing 'git repack -A -d' before: real 2m33.220s user 2m21.675s sys 0m3.510s And with this change: real 0m36.849s user 0m24.365s sys 0m1.950s For reference, here's the timing for 'git repack -a -d': real 0m35.816s user 0m22.571s sys 0m2.011s This is explained by the fact that 'git unpack-objects' was used to unpack _every_ objects even if (almost) 100% of them were thrown away. - There is a black out period. Between the removal of the .idx file for the redundant pack and the completion of its unpacking, the unreachable objects become completely unaccessible. This is not a big issue as we're talking about unreachable objects, but some consistency is always good. - There is no way to easily set a sensible mtime for the newly created unreachable loose objects. So, while having a command called "pack-objects" to perform object unpacking looks really odd, this is probably the best compromize to be able to solve the above issues in an efficient way. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-05-14 07:33:53 +02:00
if (unpack_unreachable)
loosen_unused_packed_objects(&revs);
}
int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
{
int use_internal_rev_list = 0;
int thin = 0;
int all_progress_implied = 0;
uint32_t i;
const char **rp_av;
int rp_ac_alloc = 64;
int rp_ac;
read_replace_refs = 0;
rp_av = xcalloc(rp_ac_alloc, sizeof(*rp_av));
rp_av[0] = "pack-objects";
rp_av[1] = "--objects"; /* --thin will make it --objects-edge */
rp_ac = 2;
reset_pack_idx_option(&pack_idx_opts);
git_config(git_pack_config, NULL);
Custom compression levels for objects and packs Add config variables pack.compression and core.loosecompression , and switch --compression=level to pack-objects. Loose objects will be compressed using core.loosecompression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_BEST_SPEED. Packed objects will be compressed using --compression=level if seen, else pack.compression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION. This is the "pack compression level". Loose objects added to a pack undeltified will be recompressed to the pack compression level if it is unequal to the current loose compression level by the preceding rules, or if the loose object was written while core.legacyheaders = true. Newly deltified loose objects are always compressed to the current pack compression level. Previously packed objects added to a pack are recompressed to the current pack compression level exactly when their deltification status changes, since the previous pack data cannot be reused. In either case, the --no-reuse-object switch from the first patch below will always force recompression to the current pack compression level, instead of assuming the pack compression level hasn't changed and pack data can be reused when possible. This applies on top of the following patches from Nicolas Pitre: [PATCH] allow for undeltified objects not to be reused [PATCH] make "repack -f" imply "pack-objects --no-reuse-object" Signed-off-by: Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2007-05-09 22:56:50 +02:00
if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
pack_compression_level = core_compression_level;
progress = isatty(2);
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
const char *arg = argv[i];
if (*arg != '-')
break;
if (!strcmp("--non-empty", arg)) {
non_empty = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--local", arg)) {
local = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--incremental", arg)) {
incremental = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--honor-pack-keep", arg)) {
ignore_packed_keep = 1;
continue;
}
Custom compression levels for objects and packs Add config variables pack.compression and core.loosecompression , and switch --compression=level to pack-objects. Loose objects will be compressed using core.loosecompression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_BEST_SPEED. Packed objects will be compressed using --compression=level if seen, else pack.compression if set, else core.compression if set, else Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION. This is the "pack compression level". Loose objects added to a pack undeltified will be recompressed to the pack compression level if it is unequal to the current loose compression level by the preceding rules, or if the loose object was written while core.legacyheaders = true. Newly deltified loose objects are always compressed to the current pack compression level. Previously packed objects added to a pack are recompressed to the current pack compression level exactly when their deltification status changes, since the previous pack data cannot be reused. In either case, the --no-reuse-object switch from the first patch below will always force recompression to the current pack compression level, instead of assuming the pack compression level hasn't changed and pack data can be reused when possible. This applies on top of the following patches from Nicolas Pitre: [PATCH] allow for undeltified objects not to be reused [PATCH] make "repack -f" imply "pack-objects --no-reuse-object" Signed-off-by: Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2007-05-09 22:56:50 +02:00
if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--compression=")) {
char *end;
int level = strtoul(arg+14, &end, 0);
if (!arg[14] || *end)
usage(pack_usage);
if (level == -1)
level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
die("bad pack compression level %d", level);
pack_compression_level = level;
continue;
}
if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-pack-size=")) {
pack_size_limit_cfg = 0;
if (!git_parse_ulong(arg+16, &pack_size_limit))
usage(pack_usage);
continue;
}
if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--window=")) {
char *end;
window = strtoul(arg+9, &end, 0);
if (!arg[9] || *end)
usage(pack_usage);
continue;
}
if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--window-memory=")) {
if (!git_parse_ulong(arg+16, &window_memory_limit))
usage(pack_usage);
continue;
}
if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--threads=")) {
char *end;
delta_search_threads = strtoul(arg+10, &end, 0);
if (!arg[10] || *end || delta_search_threads < 0)
usage(pack_usage);
#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
if (delta_search_threads != 1)
warning("no threads support, "
"ignoring %s", arg);
#endif
continue;
}
if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--depth=")) {
char *end;
depth = strtoul(arg+8, &end, 0);
if (!arg[8] || *end)
usage(pack_usage);
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--progress", arg)) {
progress = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--all-progress", arg)) {
progress = 2;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--all-progress-implied", arg)) {
all_progress_implied = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("-q", arg)) {
progress = 0;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--no-reuse-delta", arg)) {
reuse_delta = 0;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--no-reuse-object", arg)) {
reuse_object = reuse_delta = 0;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--delta-base-offset", arg)) {
allow_ofs_delta = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--stdout", arg)) {
pack_to_stdout = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--revs", arg)) {
use_internal_rev_list = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--keep-unreachable", arg)) {
keep_unreachable = 1;
continue;
}
let pack-objects do the writing of unreachable objects as loose objects Commit ccc1297226b184c40459e9d373cc9eebfb7bd898 changed the behavior of 'git repack -A' so unreachable objects are stored as loose objects. However it did so in a naive and inn efficient way by making packs about to be deleted inaccessible and feeding their content through 'git unpack-objects'. While this works, there are major flaws with this approach: - It is unacceptably sloooooooooooooow. In the Linux kernel repository with no actual unreachable objects, doing 'git repack -A -d' before: real 2m33.220s user 2m21.675s sys 0m3.510s And with this change: real 0m36.849s user 0m24.365s sys 0m1.950s For reference, here's the timing for 'git repack -a -d': real 0m35.816s user 0m22.571s sys 0m2.011s This is explained by the fact that 'git unpack-objects' was used to unpack _every_ objects even if (almost) 100% of them were thrown away. - There is a black out period. Between the removal of the .idx file for the redundant pack and the completion of its unpacking, the unreachable objects become completely unaccessible. This is not a big issue as we're talking about unreachable objects, but some consistency is always good. - There is no way to easily set a sensible mtime for the newly created unreachable loose objects. So, while having a command called "pack-objects" to perform object unpacking looks really odd, this is probably the best compromize to be able to solve the above issues in an efficient way. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-05-14 07:33:53 +02:00
if (!strcmp("--unpack-unreachable", arg)) {
unpack_unreachable = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--include-tag", arg)) {
include_tag = 1;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--unpacked", arg) ||
!strcmp("--reflog", arg) ||
!strcmp("--all", arg)) {
use_internal_rev_list = 1;
if (rp_ac >= rp_ac_alloc - 1) {
rp_ac_alloc = alloc_nr(rp_ac_alloc);
rp_av = xrealloc(rp_av,
rp_ac_alloc * sizeof(*rp_av));
}
rp_av[rp_ac++] = arg;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp("--thin", arg)) {
use_internal_rev_list = 1;
thin = 1;
rp_av[1] = "--objects-edge";
continue;
}
if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--index-version=")) {
char *c;
pack_idx_opts.version = strtoul(arg + 16, &c, 10);
if (pack_idx_opts.version > 2)
die("bad %s", arg);
if (*c == ',')
pack_idx_opts.off32_limit = strtoul(c+1, &c, 0);
if (*c || pack_idx_opts.off32_limit & 0x80000000)
die("bad %s", arg);
continue;
}
if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep-true-parents")) {
grafts_replace_parents = 0;
continue;
}
usage(pack_usage);
}
/* Traditionally "pack-objects [options] base extra" failed;
* we would however want to take refs parameter that would
* have been given to upstream rev-list ourselves, which means
* we somehow want to say what the base name is. So the
* syntax would be:
*
* pack-objects [options] base <refs...>
*
* in other words, we would treat the first non-option as the
* base_name and send everything else to the internal revision
* walker.
*/
if (!pack_to_stdout)
base_name = argv[i++];
if (pack_to_stdout != !base_name)
usage(pack_usage);
if (!pack_to_stdout && !pack_size_limit)
pack_size_limit = pack_size_limit_cfg;
if (pack_to_stdout && pack_size_limit)
die("--max-pack-size cannot be used to build a pack for transfer.");
if (pack_size_limit && pack_size_limit < 1024*1024) {
warning("minimum pack size limit is 1 MiB");
pack_size_limit = 1024*1024;
}
if (!pack_to_stdout && thin)
die("--thin cannot be used to build an indexable pack.");
let pack-objects do the writing of unreachable objects as loose objects Commit ccc1297226b184c40459e9d373cc9eebfb7bd898 changed the behavior of 'git repack -A' so unreachable objects are stored as loose objects. However it did so in a naive and inn efficient way by making packs about to be deleted inaccessible and feeding their content through 'git unpack-objects'. While this works, there are major flaws with this approach: - It is unacceptably sloooooooooooooow. In the Linux kernel repository with no actual unreachable objects, doing 'git repack -A -d' before: real 2m33.220s user 2m21.675s sys 0m3.510s And with this change: real 0m36.849s user 0m24.365s sys 0m1.950s For reference, here's the timing for 'git repack -a -d': real 0m35.816s user 0m22.571s sys 0m2.011s This is explained by the fact that 'git unpack-objects' was used to unpack _every_ objects even if (almost) 100% of them were thrown away. - There is a black out period. Between the removal of the .idx file for the redundant pack and the completion of its unpacking, the unreachable objects become completely unaccessible. This is not a big issue as we're talking about unreachable objects, but some consistency is always good. - There is no way to easily set a sensible mtime for the newly created unreachable loose objects. So, while having a command called "pack-objects" to perform object unpacking looks really odd, this is probably the best compromize to be able to solve the above issues in an efficient way. Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-05-14 07:33:53 +02:00
if (keep_unreachable && unpack_unreachable)
die("--keep-unreachable and --unpack-unreachable are incompatible.");
if (progress && all_progress_implied)
progress = 2;
prepare_packed_git();
if (progress)
progress_state = start_progress("Counting objects", 0);
if (!use_internal_rev_list)
read_object_list_from_stdin();
else {
rp_av[rp_ac] = NULL;
get_object_list(rp_ac, rp_av);
}
cleanup_preferred_base();
if (include_tag && nr_result)
for_each_ref(add_ref_tag, NULL);
stop_progress(&progress_state);
if (non_empty && !nr_result)
return 0;
if (nr_result)
prepare_pack(window, depth);
write_pack_file();
pack-objects: finishing touches. This introduces --no-reuse-delta option to disable reusing of existing delta, which is a large part of the optimization introduced by this series. This may become necessary if repeated repacking makes delta chain too long. With this, the output of the command becomes identical to that of the older implementation. But the performance suffers greatly. It still allows reusing non-deltified representations; there is no point uncompressing and recompressing the whole text. It also adds a couple more statistics output, while squelching it under -q flag, which the last round forgot to do. $ time old-git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects.................... real 12m8.530s user 11m1.450s sys 0m57.920s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 138297), reused 178833 (delta 134081) real 0m59.549s user 0m56.670s sys 0m2.400s $ time git-pack-objects --stdout --no-reuse-delta >/dev/null <RL Generating pack... Done counting 184141 objects. Packing 184141 objects..................... Total 184141, written 184141 (delta 134833), reused 47904 (delta 0) real 11m13.830s user 9m45.240s sys 0m44.330s There is one remaining issue when --no-reuse-delta option is not used. It can create delta chains that are deeper than specified. A<--B<--C<--D E F G Suppose we have a delta chain A to D (A is stored in full either in a pack or as a loose object. B is depth1 delta relative to A, C is depth2 delta relative to B...) with loose objects E, F, G. And we are going to pack all of them. B, C and D are left as delta against A, B and C respectively. So A, E, F, and G are examined for deltification, and let's say we decided to keep E expanded, and store the rest as deltas like this: E<--F<--G<--A Oops. We ended up making D a bit too deep, didn't we? B, C and D form a chain on top of A! This is because we did not know what the final depth of A would be, when we checked objects and decided to keep the existing delta. Unfortunately, deferring the decision until just before the deltification is not an option. To be able to make B, C, and D candidates for deltification with the rest, we need to know the type and final unexpanded size of them, but the major part of the optimization comes from the fact that we do not read the delta data to do so -- getting the final size is quite an expensive operation. To prevent this from happening, we should keep A from being deltified. But how would we tell that, cheaply? To do this most precisely, after check_object() runs, each object that is used as the base object of some existing delta needs to be marked with the maximum depth of the objects we decided to keep deltified (in this case, D is depth 3 relative to A, so if no other delta chain that is longer than 3 based on A exists, mark A with 3). Then when attempting to deltify A, we would take that number into account to see if the final delta chain that leads to D becomes too deep. However, this is a bit cumbersome to compute, so we would cheat and reduce the maximum depth for A arbitrarily to depth/4 in this implementation. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
2006-02-16 20:55:51 +01:00
if (progress)
fprintf(stderr, "Total %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32"),"
" reused %"PRIu32" (delta %"PRIu32")\n",
written, written_delta, reused, reused_delta);
return 0;
}