The previous commit adjusted the column alignment for revision
examples which show expansion. Fix the unchanged examples and sort
those that show expansions to the end of the list.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The revisions examples show the revison arguments and the selected
commits, but do not show the intermediate step of the expansion of
the special 'range' notations. Extend the examples, including an
all-parents multi-parent merge commit example.
Sort the examples and fix the alignment for those unaffected
in the next commit.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
For the r1..r2 case, the exclusion of r1, rather than inclusion of r2,
would be the unexpected case in natural language for a simple linear
development, i.e. start..end excludes start.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Do not self-define `reachable`, which can lead to misunderstanding.
Instead define `reachability` explictly.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The prior sentence has too many clauses for easy parsing.
Replace 'the latter case' with a direct quote.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
While there, also break out the other shorthand notations and
add a title for the revision range summary (which also appears
in git-rev-parse, so keep it mixed case).
We do not quote the notation within the headings as the asciidoc ->
docbook -> groff man viewer toolchain, particularly the docbook-groff
step, does not cope with two font changes, failing to return the heading
font to bold after the quotation of the notation.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This commit message is long and has lots of background and
numbers. The summary is: the current default of 250 doesn't
save much space, and costs CPU. It's not a good tradeoff.
Read on for details.
The "--aggressive" flag to git-gc does three things:
1. use "-f" to throw out existing deltas and recompute from
scratch
2. use "--window=250" to look harder for deltas
3. use "--depth=250" to make longer delta chains
Items (1) and (2) are good matches for an "aggressive"
repack. They ask the repack to do more computation work in
the hopes of getting a better pack. You pay the costs during
the repack, and other operations see only the benefit.
Item (3) is not so clear. Allowing longer chains means fewer
restrictions on the deltas, which means potentially finding
better ones and saving some space. But it also means that
operations which access the deltas have to follow longer
chains, which affects their performance. So it's a tradeoff,
and it's not clear that the tradeoff is even a good one.
The existing "250" numbers for "--aggressive" come
originally from this thread:
http://public-inbox.org/git/alpine.LFD.0.9999.0712060803430.13796@woody.linux-foundation.org/
where Linus says:
So when I said "--depth=250 --window=250", I chose those
numbers more as an example of extremely aggressive
packing, and I'm not at all sure that the end result is
necessarily wonderfully usable. It's going to save disk
space (and network bandwidth - the delta's will be re-used
for the network protocol too!), but there are definitely
downsides too, and using long delta chains may
simply not be worth it in practice.
There are some numbers in that thread, but they're mostly
focused on the improved window size, and measure the
improvement from --depth=250 and --window=250 together.
E.g.:
http://public-inbox.org/git/9e4733910712062006l651571f3w7f76ce64c6650dff@mail.gmail.com/
talks about the improved run-time of "git-blame", which
comes from the reduced pack size. But most of that reduction
is coming from --window=250, whereas most of the extra costs
come from --depth=250. There's a link in that thread showing
that increasing the depth beyond 50 doesn't seem to help
much with the size:
https://vcscompare.blogspot.com/2008/06/git-repack-parameters.html
but again, no discussion of the timing impact.
In an earlier thread from Ted Ts'o which discussed setting
the non-aggressive default (from 10 to 50):
http://public-inbox.org/git/20070509134958.GA21489%40thunk.org/
we have more numbers, with the conclusion that going past 50
does not help size much, and hurts the speed of normal
operations.
So from that, we might guess that 50 is actually a sweet
spot, even for aggressive, if we interpret aggressive to
"spend time now to make a better pack". It is not clear that
"--depth=250" is actually a better pack. It may be slightly
_smaller_, but it carries a run-time penalty.
Here are some more recent timings I did to verify that. They
show three things:
- the size of the resulting pack (so disk saved to store,
bandwidth saved on clones/fetches)
- the cost of "rev-list --objects --all", which shows the
effect of the delta chains on trees (commits typically
don't delta, and the command doesn't touch the blobs at
all)
- the cost of "log -Sfoo", which will additionally access
each blob
All cases were repacked with "git repack -adf --depth=$d
--window=250" (so basically, what would happen if we tweaked
the "gc --aggressive" default depth).
The timings are all wall-clock best-of-3. The machine itself
has plenty of RAM compared to the repositories (which is
probably typical of most workstations these days), so we're
really measuring CPU usage, as the whole thing will be in
disk cache after the first run.
The core.deltaBaseCacheLimit is at its default of 96MiB.
It's possible that tweaking it would have some impact on the
tests, as some of them (especially "log -S" on a large repo)
are likely to overflow that. But bumping that carries a
run-time memory cost, so for these tests, I focused on what
we could do just with the on-disk pack tradeoffs.
Each test is done for four depths: 250 (the current value),
50 (the current default that tested well previously), 100
(to show something on the larger side, which previous tests
showed was not a good tradeoff), and 10 (the very old
default, which previous tests showed was worse than 50).
Here are the numbers for linux.git:
depth | size | % | rev-list | % | log -Sfoo | %
-------+-------+-------+----------+--------+-----------+-------
250 | 967MB | n/a | 48.159s | n/a | 378.088 | n/a
100 | 971MB | +0.4% | 41.471s | -13.9% | 342.060 | -9.5%
50 | 979MB | +1.2% | 37.778s | -21.6% | 311.040s | -17.7%
10 | 1.1GB | +6.6% | 32.518s | -32.5% | 279.890s | -25.9%
and for git.git:
depth | size | % | rev-list | % | log -Sfoo | %
-------+-------+-------+----------+--------+-----------+-------
250 | 48MB | n/a | 2.215s | n/a | 20.922s | n/a
100 | 49MB | +0.5% | 2.140s | -3.4% | 17.736s | -15.2%
50 | 49MB | +1.7% | 2.099s | -5.2% | 15.418s | -26.3%
10 | 53MB | +9.3% | 2.001s | -9.7% | 12.677s | -39.4%
You can see that that the CPU savings for regular operations improves as we
decrease the depth. The savings are less for "rev-list" on a smaller repository
than they are for blob-accessing operations, or even rev-list on a larger
repository. This may mean that a larger delta cache would help (though setting
core.deltaBaseCacheLimit by itself doesn't).
But we can also see that the space savings are not that great as the depth goes
higher. Saving 5-10% between 10 and 50 is probably worth the CPU tradeoff.
Saving 1% to go from 50 to 100, or another 0.5% to go from 100 to 250 is
probably not.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Update status manpage to include information about
porcelain v2 format.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"git format-patch" learned format.from configuration variable to
specify the default settings for its "--from" option.
* jt/format-patch-from-config:
format-patch: format.from gives the default for --from
"git push --force-with-lease" already had enough logic to allow
ensuring that such a push results in creation of a ref (i.e. the
receiving end did not have another push from sideways that would be
discarded by our force-pushing), but didn't expose this possibility
to the users. It does so now.
* jk/push-force-with-lease-creation:
t5533: make it pass on case-sensitive filesystems
push: allow pushing new branches with --force-with-lease
push: add shorthand for --force-with-lease branch creation
Documentation/git-push: fix placeholder formatting
A minor documentation update.
This was split out from a stalled jh/clean-smudge-annex topic
before discarding it.
* jh/clean-smudge-f-doc:
clarify %f documentation
The API documentation for hashmap was unclear if hashmap_entry
can be safely discarded without any other consideration. State
that it is safe to do so.
* jc/hashmap-doc-init:
hashmap: clarify that hashmap_entry can safely be discarded
The API documentation for hashmap was unclear if hashmap_entry
can be safely discarded without any other consideration. State
that it is safe to do so.
* jc/hashmap-doc-init:
hashmap: clarify that hashmap_entry can safely be discarded
The reflog output format is documented better, and a new format
--date=unix to report the seconds-since-epoch (without timezone)
has been added.
* jk/reflog-date:
date: clarify --date=raw description
date: add "unix" format
date: document and test "raw-local" mode
doc/pretty-formats: explain shortening of %gd
doc/pretty-formats: describe index/time formats for %gd
doc/rev-list-options: explain "-g" output formats
doc/rev-list-options: clarify "commit@{Nth}" for "-g" option
Update --porcelain argument to take optional version parameter
to allow multiple porcelain formats to be supported in the future.
The token "v1" is the default value and indicates the traditional
porcelain format. (The token "1" is an alias for that.)
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"git push" and "git clone" learned to give better progress meters
to the end user who is waiting on the terminal.
* jk/push-progress:
receive-pack: send keepalives during quiet periods
receive-pack: turn on connectivity progress
receive-pack: relay connectivity errors to sideband
receive-pack: turn on index-pack resolving progress
index-pack: add flag for showing delta-resolution progress
clone: use a real progress meter for connectivity check
check_connected: add progress flag
check_connected: relay errors to alternate descriptor
check_everything_connected: use a struct with named options
check_everything_connected: convert to argv_array
rev-list: add optional progress reporting
check_everything_connected: always pass --quiet to rev-list
"git push" learned to accept and pass extra options to the
receiving end so that hooks can read and react to them.
* sb/push-options:
add a test for push options
push: accept push options
receive-pack: implement advertising and receiving push options
push options: {pre,post}-receive hook learns about push options
It's natural to expect %f to be an actual file on disk; help avoid that
mistake.
Signed-off-by: Joey Hess <joeyh@joeyh.name>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The API documentation said that the hashmap_entry structure to be
embedded in the caller's structure is to be treated as opaque, which
left the reader wondering if it can safely be discarded when it no
longer is necessary. If the hashmap_entry structure had references
to external resources such as allocated memory or an open file
descriptor, merely free(3)ing the containing structure (when the
caller's structure is on the heap) or letting it go out of scope
(when it is on the stack) would end up leaking the external
resource.
Document that there is no need for hashmap_entry_clear() that
corresponds to hashmap_entry_init() to give the API users a little
bit of peace of mind.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This helps users who would prefer format-patch to default to --from,
and makes it easier to change the default in the future.
Signed-off-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
More mark-up updates to typeset strings that are expected to
literally typed by the end user in fixed-width font.
* mm/doc-tt:
doc: typeset HEAD and variants as literal
CodingGuidelines: formatting HEAD in documentation
doc: typeset long options with argument as literal
doc: typeset '--' as literal
doc: typeset long command-line options as literal
doc: typeset short command-line options as literal
Documentation/git-mv.txt: fix whitespace indentation
"git worktree prune" protected worktrees that are marked as
"locked" by creating a file in a known location. "git worktree"
command learned a dedicated command pair to create and remove such
a file, so that the users do not have to do this with editor.
* nd/worktree-lock:
worktree.c: find_worktree() search by path suffix
worktree: add "unlock" command
worktree: add "lock" command
worktree.c: add is_worktree_locked()
worktree.c: add is_main_worktree()
worktree.c: add find_worktree()
"... in the internal raw Git format `%s %z` format." was clunky in
repeating "format" twice, and would not have helped those who do not
immediately get that these are strftime(3) conversion specifiers.
Explain them with words, and demote the mention of `%s %z` to a
hint to help those who know them.
Helped-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We already have "--date=raw", which is a Unix epoch
timestamp plus a contextual timezone (either the author's or
the local). But one may not care about the timezone and just
want the epoch timestamp by itself. It's not hard to parse
the two apart, but if you are using a pretty-print format,
you may want git to show the "finished" form that the user
will see.
We can accomodate this by adding a new date format, "unix",
which is basically "raw" without the timezone.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The "raw" format shows a Unix epoch timestamp, but with a
timezone tacked on. The timestamp is not _in_ that zone, but
it is extra information about the time (by default, the zone
the author was in).
The documentation claims that "raw-local" does not work. It
does, but the end result is rather subtle. Let's describe it
in better detail, and test to make sure it works (namely,
the epoch time doesn't change, but the zone does).
While we are rewording the documentation in this area, let's
not use the phrase "does not work" for the remaining option,
"--date=relative". It's vague; do we accept it or not? We do
accept it, but it has no effect (which is a reasonable
outcome). We should also refer to the option not as
"--relative" (which is the historical synonym, and does not
take "-local" at all), but as "--date=relative".
Helped-by: Jakub Narębski <jnareb@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Allow the empty string to stand in for the null SHA-1 when pushing a new
branch, like we do when deleting branches.
This means that the following command ensures that `new-branch` is
created on the remote (that is, is must not already exist):
git push --force-with-lease=new-branch: origin new-branch
Signed-off-by: John Keeping <john@keeping.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Format the placeholder as monospace to match other occurrences in this
file and obey CodingGuidelines.
Signed-off-by: John Keeping <john@keeping.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When "git fsck" reports a broken link (e.g. a tree object contains
a blob that does not exist), both containing object and the object
that is referred to were reported with their 40-hex object names.
The command learned the "--name-objects" option to show the path to
the containing object from existing refs (e.g. "HEAD~24^2:file.txt").
* js/fsck-name-object:
fsck: optionally show more helpful info for broken links
fsck: give the error function a chance to see the fsck_options
fsck_walk(): optionally name objects on the go
fsck: refactor how to describe objects
"git merge" with renormalization did not work well with
merge-recursive, due to "safer crlf" conversion kicking in when it
shouldn't.
* jc/renormalize-merge-kill-safer-crlf:
merge: avoid "safer crlf" during recording of merge results
convert: unify the "auto" handling of CRLF
The actual shortening rules aren't that interesting and
probably not worth getting into (I gloss over them here as
"shortened for human readability"). But the fact that %gD
shows whatever you gave on the command line is subtle and
worth mentioning. Since most people will feed a shortened
refname in the first place, it otherwise makes it hard to
understand the difference between the two.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The "reflog selector" format changes based on a series of
heuristics, and that applies equally to both stock "log -g"
output, as well as "--format=%gd". The documentation for
"%gd" doesn't cover this. Let's mention the multiple formats
and refer the user back to the "-g" section for the complete
rules.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We document that asking for HEAD@{now} will switch the
output to show HEAD@{timestamp}, but not that specifying
`--date` has a similar effect, or that it can be overridden
with HEAD@{0}. Let's do so.
These rules come from 794151e (reflog-walk: always make
HEAD@{0} show indexed selectors, 2012-05-04), though that is
simply the culmination of years of these heuristics growing
organically.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When "log -g" shows "HEAD@{1}", "HEAD@{2}", etc, calling
that "commit@{Nth}" is not really accurate. The "HEAD" part
is really the refname. By saying "commit", a reader may
misunderstand that to mean something related to the specific
commit we are showing, not the ref whose reflog we are
traversing.
While we're here, let's also switch these instances to use
literal backticks, as our style guide recommends. As a
bonus, that lets us drop some asciidoc quoting.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In the transport protocol we use NAK to signal the non existence of a
common base, so fix the documentation. This helps readers of the document,
as they don't have to wonder about the difference between NAK and NACK.
As NACK is used in git archive and upload-archive, this is easy to get
wrong.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The terms left and right side originate from the symmetric
difference. Name them there.
Signed-off-by: Philip Oakley <philipoakley@iee.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
After a client has sent us the complete pack, we may spend
some time processing the data and running hooks. If the
client asked us to be quiet, receive-pack won't send any
progress data during the index-pack or connectivity-check
steps. And hooks may or may not produce their own progress
output. In these cases, the network connection is totally
silent from both ends.
Git itself doesn't care about this (it will wait forever),
but other parts of the system (e.g., firewalls,
load-balancers, etc) might hang up the connection. So we'd
like to send some sort of keepalive to let the network and
the client side know that we're still alive and processing.
We can use the same trick we did in 05e9515 (upload-pack:
send keepalive packets during pack computation, 2013-09-08).
Namely, we will send an empty sideband data packet every `N`
seconds that we do not relay any stderr data over the
sideband channel. As with 05e9515, this means that we won't
bother sending keepalives when there's actual progress data,
but will kick in when it has been disabled (or if there is a
lull in the progress data).
The concept is simple, but the details are subtle enough
that they need discussing here.
Before the client sends us the pack, we don't want to do any
keepalives. We'll have sent our ref advertisement, and we're
waiting for them to send us the pack (and tell us that they
support sidebands at all).
While we're receiving the pack from the client (or waiting
for it to start), there's no need for keepalives; it's up to
them to keep the connection active by sending data.
Moreover, it would be wrong for us to do so. When we are the
server in the smart-http protocol, we must treat our
connection as half-duplex. So any keepalives we send while
receiving the pack would potentially be buffered by the
webserver. Not only does this make them useless (since they
would not be delivered in a timely manner), but it could
actually cause a deadlock if we fill up the buffer with
keepalives. (It wouldn't be wrong to send keepalives in this
phase for a full-duplex connection like ssh; it's simply
pointless, as it is the client's responsibility to speak).
As soon as we've gotten all of the pack data, then the
client is waiting for us to speak, and we should start
keepalives immediately. From here until the end of the
connection, we send one any time we are not otherwise
sending data.
But there's a catch. Receive-pack doesn't know the moment
we've gotten all the data. It passes the descriptor to
index-pack, who reads all of the data, and then starts
resolving the deltas. We have to communicate that back.
To make this work, we instruct the sideband muxer to enable
keepalives in three phases:
1. In the beginning, not at all.
2. While reading from index-pack, wait for a signal
indicating end-of-input, and then start them.
3. Afterwards, always.
The signal from index-pack in phase 2 has to come over the
stderr channel which the muxer is reading. We can't use an
extra pipe because the portable run-command interface only
gives us stderr and stdout.
Stdout is already used to pass the .keep filename back to
receive-pack. We could also send a signal there, but then we
would find out about it in the main thread. And the
keepalive needs to be done by the async muxer thread (since
it's the one writing sideband data back to the client). And
we can't reliably signal the async thread from the main
thread, because the async code sometimes uses threads and
sometimes uses forked processes.
Therefore the signal must come over the stderr channel,
where it may be interspersed with other random
human-readable messages from index-pack. This patch makes
the signal a single NUL byte. This is easy to parse, should
not appear in any normal stderr output, and we don't have to
worry about any timing issues (like seeing half the signal
bytes in one read(), and half in a subsequent one).
This is a bit ugly, but it's simple to code and should work
reliably.
Another option would be to stop using an async thread for
muxing entirely, and just poll() both stderr and stdout of
index-pack from the main thread. This would work for
index-pack (because we aren't doing anything useful in the
main thread while it runs anyway). But it would make the
connectivity check and the hook muxers much more
complicated, as they need to simultaneously feed the
sub-programs while reading their stderr.
The index-pack phase is the only one that needs this
signaling, so it could simply behave differently than the
other two. That would mean having two separate
implementations of copy_to_sideband (and the keepalive
code), though. And it still doesn't get rid of the
signaling; it just means we can write a nicer message like
"END_OF_INPUT" or something on stdout, since we don't have
to worry about separating it from the stderr cruft.
One final note: this signaling trick is only done with
index-pack, not with unpack-objects. There's no point in
doing it for the latter, because by definition it only kicks
in for a small number of objects, where keepalives are not
as useful (and this conveniently lets us avoid duplicating
the implementation).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
It's easy to ask rev-list to do a traversal that may takes
many seconds (e.g., by calling "--objects --all"). In theory
you can monitor its progress by the output you get to
stdout, but this isn't always easy.
Some operations, like "--count", don't make any output until
the end.
And some callers, like check_everything_connected(), are
using it just for the error-checking of the traversal, and
throw away stdout entirely.
This patch adds a "--progress" option which can be used to
give some eye-candy for a user waiting for a long traversal.
This is just a rev-list option and not a regular traversal
option, because it needs cooperation from the callbacks in
builtin/rev-list.c to do the actual count.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Improve the look of the way "git fetch" reports what happened to
each ref that was fetched.
* nd/fetch-ref-summary:
fetch: reduce duplicate in ref update status lines with placeholder
fetch: align all "remote -> local" output
fetch: change flag code for displaying tag update and deleted ref
fetch: refactor ref update status formatting code
git-fetch.txt: document fetch output
A new configuration variable core.sshCommand has been added to
specify what value for GIT_SSH_COMMAND to use per repository.
* nd/connect-ssh-command-config:
connect: read $GIT_SSH_COMMAND from config file
This has always been supported since we read config variables
based on the command-line option parser. Document it explicitly
since users usually want to maintain the same program across
invocations.
Signed-off-by: Eric Wong <e@80x24.org>
When reporting broken links between commits/trees/blobs, it would be
quite helpful at times if the user would be told how the object is
supposed to be reachable.
With the new --name-objects option, git-fsck will try to do exactly
that: name the objects in a way that shows how they are reachable.
For example, when some reflog got corrupted and a blob is missing that
should not be, the user might want to remove the corresponding reflog
entry. This option helps them find that entry: `git fsck` will now
report something like this:
broken link from tree b5eb6ff... (refs/stash@{<date>}~37:)
to blob ec5cf80...
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This implements everything that is required on the client side to make use
of push options from the porcelain push command.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The pre/post receive hook may be interested in more information from the
user. This information can be transmitted when both client and server
support the "push-options" capability, which when used is a phase directly
after update commands ended by a flush pkt.
Similar to the atomic option, the server capability can be disabled via
the `receive.advertisePushOptions` config variable. While documenting
this, fix a nit in the `receive.advertiseAtomic` wording.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The environment variable GIT_PUSH_OPTION_COUNT is set to the number of
push options sent, and GIT_PUSH_OPTION_{0,1,..} is set to the transmitted
option.
The code is not executed as the push options are set to NULL, nor is the
new capability advertised.
There was some discussion back and forth how to present these push options
to the user as there are some ways to do it:
Keep all options in one environment variable
============================================
+ easiest way to implement in Git
- This would make things hard to parse correctly in the hook.
Put the options in files instead,
filenames are in GIT_PUSH_OPTION_FILES
======================================
+ After a discussion about environment variables and shells, we may not
want to put user data into an environment variable (see [1] for example).
+ We could transmit binaries, i.e. we're not bound to C strings as
we are when using environment variables to the user.
+ Maybe easier to parse than constructing environment variable names
GIT_PUSH_OPTION_{0,1,..} yourself
- cleanup of the temporary files is hard to do reliably
- we have race conditions with multiple clients pushing, hence we'd need
to use mkstemp. That's not too bad, but still.
Use environment variables, but restrict to key/value pairs
==========================================================
(When the user pushes a push option `foo=bar`, we'd
GIT_PUSH_OPTION_foo=bar)
+ very easy to parse for a simple model of push options
- it's not sufficient for more elaborate models, e.g.
it doesn't allow doubles (e.g. cc=reviewer@email)
Present the options in different environment variables
======================================================
(This is implemented)
* harder to parse as a user, but we have a sample hook for that.
- doesn't allow binary files
+ allows the same option twice, i.e. is not restrictive about
options, except for binary files.
+ doesn't clutter a remote directory with (possibly stale)
temporary files
As we first want to focus on getting simple strings to work
reliably, we go with the last option for now. If we want to
do transmission of binaries later, we can just attach a
'side-channel', e.g. "any push option that contains a '\0' is
put into a file instead of the environment variable and we'd
have new GIT_PUSH_OPTION_FILES, GIT_PUSH_OPTION_FILENAME_{0,1,..}
environment variables".
[1] 'Shellshock' https://lwn.net/Articles/614218/
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In v1.8.5 days, 7f2ea5f0 (diff: allow lowercase letter to specify
what change class to exclude, 2013-07-17) taught the "--diff-filter"
mechanism to take lowercase letters as exclusion, but we forgot to
document it.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
More mark-up updates to typeset strings that are expected to
literally typed by the end user in fixed-width font.
* mm/doc-tt:
doc: typeset HEAD and variants as literal
CodingGuidelines: formatting HEAD in documentation
doc: typeset long options with argument as literal
doc: typeset '--' as literal
doc: typeset long command-line options as literal
doc: typeset short command-line options as literal
Documentation/git-mv.txt: fix whitespace indentation
The top level documentation "git help git" still pointed at the
documentation set hosted at now-defunct google-code repository.
Update it to point to https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html
instead.
* jn/preformatted-doc-url:
doc: git-htmldocs.googlecode.com is no more
Fix an unintended regression in v2.9 that breaks "clone --depth"
that recurses down to submodules by forcing the submodules to also
be cloned shallowly, which many server instances that host upstream
of the submodules are not prepared for.
* sb/clone-shallow-passthru:
clone: do not let --depth imply --shallow-submodules
Formats of the various data (and how to validate them) where we use
GPG signature have been documented.
* mg/signature-doc:
Documentation/technical: signed merge tag format
Documentation/technical: signed commit format
Documentation/technical: signed tag format
Documentation/technical: describe signature formats
"git log" learns log.showSignature configuration variable, and a
command line option "--no-show-signature" to countermand it.
* mj/log-show-signature-conf:
log: add log.showSignature configuration variable
log: add "--no-show-signature" command line option
t4202: refactor test
The top level documentation "git help git" still pointed at the
documentation set hosted at now-defunct google-code repository.
Update it to point to https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html
instead.
* jn/preformatted-doc-url:
doc: git-htmldocs.googlecode.com is no more
The output coloring scheme learned two new attributes, italic and
strike, in addition to existing bold, reverse, etc.
* jk/ansi-color:
color: support strike-through attribute
color: support "italic" attribute
color: allow "no-" for negating attributes
color: refactor parse_attr
add skip_prefix_mem helper
doc: refactor description of color format
color: fix max-size comment
This allows the user to do something like "worktree lock foo" or
"worktree lock to/foo" instead of "worktree lock /long/path/to/foo" if
it's unambiguous.
With completion support it could be quite convenient. While this base
name search can be done in the same worktree iteration loop, the code is
split into a separate function for clarity.
Suggested-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Similar to $GIT_ASKPASS or $GIT_PROXY_COMMAND, we also read from
config file first then fall back to $GIT_SSH_COMMAND.
This is useful for selecting different private keys targetting the
same host (e.g. github)
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Fix an unintended regression in v2.9 that breaks "clone --depth"
that recurses down to submodules by forcing the submodules to also
be cloned shallowly, which many server instances that host upstream
of the submodules are not prepared for.
* sb/clone-shallow-passthru:
clone: do not let --depth imply --shallow-submodules
Formats of the various data (and how to validate them) where we use
GPG signature have been documented.
* mg/signature-doc:
Documentation/technical: signed merge tag format
Documentation/technical: signed commit format
Documentation/technical: signed tag format
Documentation/technical: describe signature formats
"git repack" learned the "--keep-unreachable" option, which sends
loose unreachable objects to a pack instead of leaving them loose.
This helps heuristics based on the number of loose objects
(e.g. "gc --auto").
* jk/repack-keep-unreachable:
repack: extend --keep-unreachable to loose objects
repack: add --keep-unreachable option
repack: document --unpack-unreachable option
Teach format-patch and mailsplit (hence "am") how a line that
happens to begin with "From " in the e-mail message is quoted with
">", so that these lines can be restored to their original shape.
* ew/mboxrd-format-am:
am: support --patch-format=mboxrd
mailsplit: support unescaping mboxrd messages
pretty: support "mboxrd" output format
"upload-pack" allows a custom "git pack-objects" replacement when
responding to "fetch/clone" via the uploadpack.packObjectsHook.
* jk/upload-pack-hook:
upload-pack: provide a hook for running pack-objects
t1308: do not get fooled by symbolic links to the source tree
config: add a notion of "scope"
config: return configset value for current_config_ functions
config: set up config_source for command-line config
git_config_parse_parameter: refactor cleanup code
git_config_with_options: drop "found" counting
Further preparatory clean-up for "worktree" feature continues.
* nd/worktree-cleanup-post-head-protection:
worktree: simplify prefixing paths
worktree: avoid 0{40}, too many zeroes, hard to read
worktree.c: use is_dot_or_dotdot()
git-worktree.txt: keep subcommand listing in alphabetical order
worktree.c: rewrite mark_current_worktree() to avoid strbuf
completion: support git-worktree
HTTP transport gained an option to produce more detailed debugging
trace.
* ep/http-curl-trace:
imap-send.c: introduce the GIT_TRACE_CURL enviroment variable
http.c: implement the GIT_TRACE_CURL environment variable
The documentation tries to consistently spell "GPG"; when
referring to the specific program name, "gpg" is used.
* dn/gpg-doc:
Documentation: GPG capitalization
The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
* tr/doc-tt:
doc: change configuration variables format
doc: more consistency in environment variables format
doc: change environment variables format
doc: clearer rule about formatting literals
Before this change,
$ echo "* text=auto" >.gitattributes
$ echo "* eol=crlf" >>.gitattributes
would have the same effect as
$ echo "* text" >.gitattributes
$ git config core.eol crlf
Since the 'eol' attribute had higher priority than 'text=auto', this may
corrupt binary files and is not what most users expect to happen.
Make the 'eol' attribute to obey 'text=auto' and now
$ echo "* text=auto" >.gitattributes
$ echo "* eol=crlf" >>.gitattributes
behaves the same as
$ echo "* text=auto" >.gitattributes
$ git config core.eol crlf
In other words,
$ echo "* text=auto eol=crlf" >.gitattributes
has the same effect as
$ git config core.autocrlf true
and
$ echo "* text=auto eol=lf" >.gitattributes
has the same effect as
$ git config core.autocrlf input
Signed-off-by: Torsten Bögershausen <tboegi@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In the "remote -> local" line, if either ref is a substring of the
other, the common part in the other string is replaced with "*". For
example
abc -> origin/abc
refs/pull/123/head -> pull/123
become
abc -> origin/*
refs/*/head -> pull/123
Activated with fetch.output=compact.
For the record, this output is not perfect. A single giant ref can
push all refs very far to the right and likely be wrapped around. We
may have a few options:
- exclude these long lines smarter
- break the line after "->", exclude it from column width calculation
- implement a new format, { -> origin/}foo, which makes the problem
go away at the cost of a bit harder to read
- reverse all the arrows so we have "* <- looong-ref", again still
hard to read.
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This is an application of the newly added CodingGuidelines to HEAD and
variants like FETCH_HEAD. It was obtained with:
perl -pi -e "s/'([A-Z_]*HEAD)'/\`\$1\`/g" *.txt
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The current practice is:
git/Documentation$ git grep "'HEAD'" | wc -l
24
git/Documentation$ git grep "\`HEAD\`" | wc -l
66
Let's adopt the majority as a guideline.
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This was obtained with:
perl -pi -e "s/'--'/\`--\`/g" *.txt
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Similarly to the previous commit, use backquotes instead of
forward-quotes, for long options.
This was obtained with:
perl -pi -e "s/'(--[a-z][a-z=<>-]*)'/\`\$1\`/g" *.txt
and manual tweak to remove false positive in ascii-art (o'--o'--o' to
describe rewritten history).
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
It was common in our documentation to surround short option names with
forward quotes, which renders as italic in HTML. Instead, use backquotes
which renders as monospace. This is one more step toward conformance to
Documentation/CodingGuidelines.
This was obtained with:
perl -pi -e "s/'(-[a-z])'/\`\$1\`/g" *.txt
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Replace spaces with tabs to avoid a warning when further patches change
these lines.
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This makes the fetch flag code consistent with push, where '-' means
deleted ref.
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This documents the ref update status of fetch. The structure of this
output is defined in [1]. The ouput content is refined a bit in [2]
[3] [4].
This patch is a copy from git-push.txt, modified a bit because the
flag '-' means different things in push (delete) and fetch (tag
update).
PS. For code archaeologists, the discussion mentioned in [1] is
probably [5].
[1] 165f390 (git-fetch: more terse fetch output - 2007-11-03)
[2] 6315472 (fetch: report local storage errors ... - 2008-06-26)
[3] f360d84 (builtin-fetch: add --prune option - 2009-11-10)
[4] 0997ada (fetch: describe new refs based on where... - 2012-04-16)
[5] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/61657
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The documentation tries to consistently spell "GPG"; when
referring to the specific program name, "gpg" is used.
* dn/gpg-doc:
Documentation: GPG capitalization
The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
* tr/doc-tt:
doc: change configuration variables format
doc: more consistency in environment variables format
doc: change environment variables format
doc: clearer rule about formatting literals
It has always been command-list.txt even at the time this
new-command.txt document is added.
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Users may want to always use "--show-signature" while using git-log and
related commands.
When log.showSignature is set to true, git-log and related commands will
behave as if "--show-signature" was given to them.
Note that this config variable is meant to affect git-log, git-show,
git-whatchanged and git-reflog. Other commands like git-format-patch,
git-rev-list are not to be affected by this config variable.
Signed-off-by: Mehul Jain <mehul.jain2029@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This is the only remaining attribute that is commonly
supported (at least by xterm) that we don't support. Let's
add it for completeness.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We already support bold, underline, and similar attributes.
Let's add italic to the mix. According to the Wikipedia
page on ANSI colors, this attribute is "not widely
supported", but it does seem to work on my xterm.
We don't have to bump the maximum color size because we were
already over-allocating it (but we do adjust the comment
appropriately).
Requested-by: Simon Courtois <scourtois@cubyx.fr>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Using "no-bold" rather than "nobold" is easier to read and
more natural to type (to me, anyway, even though I was the
person who introduced "nobold" in the first place). It's
easy to allow both.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This is a general cleanup of the description of colors in
git-config, mostly to address inaccuracies and confusion
that had grown over time:
- you can have many attributes, not just one
- the discussion flip-flopped between colors and
attributes; now we discuss everything about colors, then
everything about attributes
- many concepts were lumped into the first paragraph,
making it hard to read, and especially to find the
actual lists of colors and attributes. I stopped short
of breaking those out into their own lists, as it seemed
like an excessive use of vertical screen real estate.
- we introduced negated attributes, but then the next
paragraph basically explains how each item starts off
with no attributes. So why would one need negated
attributes? We now explain.
- minor typo, language, and typography fixes
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html says
There was no service found for the uri requested.
Link to the rendered documentation on Jekyll instead.
Reported-by: Andrea Stacchiotti <andreastacchiotti@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In v2.9.0, we prematurely flipped the default to force cloning
submodules shallowly, when the superproject is getting cloned
shallowly. This is likely to fail when the upstream repositories
submodules are cloned from a repository that is not prepared to
serve histories that ends at a commit that is not at the tip of a
branch, and we know the world is not yet ready.
Use a safer default to clone the submodules fully, unless the user
tells us that she knows that the upstream repository of the
submodules are willing to cooperate with "--shallow-submodules"
option.
Noticed-by: Vadim Eisenberg <VADIME@il.ibm.com>
Helped-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Helped-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"git worktree add" learned that '-' can be used as a short-hand for
"@{-1}", the previous branch.
* jg/dash-is-last-branch-in-worktree-add:
worktree: allow "-" short-hand for @{-1} in add command
An upstream project can make a recommendation to shallowly clone
some submodules in the .gitmodules file it ships.
* sb/submodule-recommend-shallowness:
submodule update: learn `--[no-]recommend-shallow` option
submodule-config: keep shallow recommendation around
"git fast-import" learned the same performance trick to avoid
creating too small a packfile as "git fetch" and "git push" have,
using *.unpackLimit configuration.
* ew/fast-import-unpack-limit:
fast-import: invalidate pack_id references after loosening
fast-import: implement unpack limit
We use different types of signature formats in different places.
Set up the infrastructure and overview to describe them systematically
in our technical documentation.
Signed-off-by: Michael J Gruber <git@drmicha.warpmail.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When "GPG" is used in a sentence it is now consistently capitalized.
When referring to the binary it is left as "gpg".
Signed-off-by: David Nicolson <david.nicolson@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Add example usage to the git-svn documentation.
Reported-by: Joseph Pecoraro <pecoraro@apple.com>
Signed-off-by: Alfred Perlstein <alfred@freebsd.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Wong <e@80x24.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
If you use "repack -adk" currently, we will pack all objects
that are already packed into the new pack, and then drop the
old packs. However, loose unreachable objects will be left
as-is. In theory these are meant to expire eventually with
"git prune". But if you are using "repack -k", you probably
want to keep things forever and therefore do not run "git
prune" at all. Meaning those loose objects may build up over
time and end up fooling any object-count heuristics (such as
the one done by "gc --auto", though since git-gc does not
support "repack -k", this really applies to whatever custom
scripts people might have driving "repack -k").
With this patch, we instead stuff any loose unreachable
objects into the pack along with the already-packed
unreachable objects. This may seem wasteful, but it is
really no more so than using "repack -k" in the first place.
We are at a slight disadvantage, in that we have no useful
ordering for the result, or names to hand to the delta code.
However, this is again no worse than what "repack -k" is
already doing for the packed objects. The packing of these
objects doesn't matter much because they should not be
accessed frequently (unless they actually _do_ become
referenced, but then they would get moved to a different
part of the packfile during the next repack).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The usual way to do a full repack (and what is done by
git-gc) is to run "repack -Ad --unpack-unreachable=<when>",
which will loosen any unreachable objects newer than
"<when>", and drop any older ones.
This is a safer alternative to "repack -ad", because
"<when>" becomes a grace period during which we will not
drop any new objects that are about to be referenced.
However, it isn't perfectly safe. It's always possible that
a process is about to reference an old object. Even if that
process were to take care to update the timestamp on the
object, there is no atomicity with a simultaneously running
"repack" process.
So while unlikely, there is a small race wherein we may drop
an object that is in the process of being referenced. If you
do automated repacking on a large number of active
repositories, you may hit it eventually, and the result is a
corrupted repository.
It would be nice to fix that race in the long run, but it's
complicated. In the meantime, there is a much simpler
strategy for automated repository maintenance: do not drop
objects at all. We already have a "--keep-unreachable"
option in pack-objects; we just need to plumb it through
from git-repack.
Note that this _isn't_ plumbed through from git-gc, so at
this point it's strictly a tool for people doing their own
advanced repository maintenance strategy.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This was added back in 7e52f56 (gc: do not explode objects
which will be immediately pruned, 2012-04-07), but not
documented at the time, since it was an internal detail
between git-gc and git-repack. However, as people with
complicated setups may want to effectively reimplement the
steps of git-gc themselves, it is nice for us to document
these interfaces.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Instead of always requiring both ends of a range, we could DWIM
"OLD", which could be a misspelt "OLD..", to be a range that ends at
the current commit.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"git blame --reverse OLD..NEW -- PATH" tells us to start from the
contents in PATH at OLD and observe how each line is changed while
the history develops up to NEW, and report for each line the latest
commit up to which the line survives in the original form.
If you say "git blame --reverse NEW -- PATH" by mistake, we complain
about the missing OLD, but we phrased it as "No commit to dig down
to?" In this case, however, we are digging up from OLD, so say so.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This was changed in 10a6cc8 (fetch --prune: Run prune before
fetching, 2014-01-02), but it seems that nobody in that
discussion realized we were advertising the "after"
explicitly.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In git-fetch, --depth argument is always relative with the latest
remote refs. This makes it a bit difficult to cover this use case,
where the user wants to make the shallow history, say 3 levels
deeper. It would work if remote refs have not moved yet, but nobody
can guarantee that, especially when that use case is performed a
couple months after the last clone or "git fetch --depth". Also,
modifying shallow boundary using --depth does not work well with
clones created by --since or --not.
This patch fixes that. A new argument --deepen=<N> will add <N> more (*)
parent commits to the current history regardless of where remote refs
are.
Have/Want negotiation is still respected. So if remote refs move, the
server will send two chunks: one between "have" and "want" and another
to extend shallow history. In theory, the client could send no "want"s
in order to get the second chunk only. But the protocol does not allow
that. Either you send no want lines, which means ls-remote; or you
have to send at least one want line that carries deep-relative to the
server..
The main work was done by Dongcan Jiang. I fixed it up here and there.
And of course all the bugs belong to me.
(*) We could even support --deepen=<N> where <N> is negative. In that
case we can cut some history from the shallow clone. This operation
(and --depth=<shorter depth>) does not require interaction with remote
side (and more complicated to implement as a result).
Helped-by: Duy Nguyen <pclouds@gmail.com>
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Dongcan Jiang <dongcan.jiang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This should allow the user to say "create a shallow clone of this branch
after version <some-tag>".
Short refs are accepted and expanded at the server side with expand_ref()
because we cannot expand (unknown) refs from the client side.
Like deepen-since, deepen-not cannot be used with deepen. But deepen-not
can be mixed with deepen-since. The result is exactly how you do the
command "git rev-list --since=... --not ref".
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This should allow the user to say "create a shallow clone containing the
work from last year" (once the client side is fixed up, of course).
In theory deepen-since and deepen (aka --depth) can be used together to
draw the shallow boundary (whether it's intersection or union is up to
discussion, but if rev-list is used, it's likely intersection). However,
because deepen goes with a custom commit walker, we can't mix the two
yet.
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
It turns out that the earlier effort to update the heuristics may
want to use a bit more time to mature. Turn it off by default.
* jk/diff-compact-heuristic:
diff: disable compaction heuristic for now
http://lkml.kernel.org/g/20160610075043.GA13411@sigill.intra.peff.net
reports that a change to add a new "function" with common ending
with the existing one at the end of the file is shown like this:
def foo
do_foo_stuff()
+ common_ending()
+end
+
+def bar
+ do_bar_stuff()
+
common_ending()
end
when the new heuristic is in use. In reality, the change is to add
the blank line before "def bar" and everything below, which is what
the code without the new heuristic shows.
Disable the heuristics by default, and resurrect the documentation
for the option and the configuration variables, while clearly
marking the feature as still experimental.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This change configuration variables that where in italic style
to monospace font according to the guideline. It was obtained with
grep '[[:alpha:]]*\.[[:alpha:]]*::$' config.txt | \
sed -e 's/::$//' -e 's/\./\\\\./' | \
xargs -iP perl -pi -e "s/\'P\'/\`P\`/g" ./*.txt
Signed-off-by: Tom Russello <tom.russello@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Erwan Mathoniere <erwan.mathoniere@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Groot <samuel.groot@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Reviewed-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Wrap with backticks (monospaced font) unwrapped or single-quotes wrapped
(italic type) environment variables which are followed by the word
"environment". It was obtained with:
perl -pi -e "s/\'?(\\\$?[0-9A-Z\_]+)\'?(?= environment ?)/\`\1\`/g" *.txt
One of the main purposes is to stick to the CodingGuidelines as possible so
that people writting new documentation by mimicking the existing are more likely
to have it right (even if they didn't read the CodingGuidelines).
Signed-off-by: Tom Russello <tom.russello@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Erwan Mathoniere <erwan.mathoniere@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Groot <samuel.groot@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Reviewed-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This change GIT_* variables that where in italic style to monospaced font
according to the guideline. It was obtained with
perl -pi -e "s/\'(GIT_.*?)\'/\`\1\`/g" *.txt
One of the main purposes is to stick to the CodingGuidelines as possible so
that people writting new documentation by mimicking the existing are more likely
to have it right (even if they didn't read the CodingGuidelines).
Signed-off-by: Tom Russello <tom.russello@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Erwan Mathoniere <erwan.mathoniere@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Groot <samuel.groot@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Reviewed-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Make the guideline text that we want for our documentation clearer.
Signed-off-by: Tom Russello <tom.russello@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Erwan Mathoniere <erwan.mathoniere@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Groot <samuel.groot@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Reviewed-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
* tb/core-eol-fix:
convert.c: ident + core.autocrlf didn't work
t0027: test cases for combined attributes
convert: allow core.autocrlf=input and core.eol=crlf
t0027: make commit_chk_wrnNNO() reliable
Combined with "git format-patch --pretty=mboxrd", this should
allow us to round-trip commit messages with embedded mbox
"From " lines without corruption.
Signed-off-by: Eric Wong <e@80x24.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This will allow us to parse the output of --pretty=mboxrd
and the output of other mboxrd generators.
Signed-off-by: Eric Wong <e@80x24.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
CSS is widely used, motivating it being included as a built-in pattern.
It must be noted that the word_regex for CSS (i.e. the regex defining
what is a word in the language) does not consider '.' and '#' characters
(in CSS selectors) to be part of the word. This behavior is documented
by the test t/t4018/css-rule.
The logic behind this behavior is the following: identifiers in CSS
selectors are identifiers in a HTML/XML document. Therefore, the '.'/'#'
character are not part of the identifier, but an indicator of the nature
of the identifier in HTML/XML (class or id). Diffing ".class1" and
".class2" must show that the class name is changed, but we still are
selecting a class.
Logic behind the "pattern" regex is:
1. reject lines ending with a colon/semicolon (properties)
2. if a line begins with a name in column 1, pick the whole line
Credits to Johannes Sixt (j6t@kdbg.org) for the pattern regex and most
of the tests.
Signed-off-by: William Duclot <william.duclot@ensimag.grenoble-inp.fr>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The manpage output of our documentation did not render well in
terminal; typeset literals in bold by default to make them stand
out more.
* em/man-bold-literal:
Documentation: bold literals in man
"git cherry-pick --help" had three instances of word "behavior",
one of which was spelled "behaviour", which is updated to match the
other two.
* pa/cherry-pick-doc-typo:
git-cherry-pick.txt: correct a small typo
When upload-pack serves a client request, it turns to
pack-objects to do the heavy lifting of creating a
packfile. There's no easy way to intercept the call to
pack-objects, but there are a few good reasons to want to do
so:
1. If you're debugging a client or server issue with
fetching, you may want to store a copy of the generated
packfile.
2. If you're gathering data from real-world fetches for
performance analysis or debugging, storing a copy of
the arguments and stdin lets you replay the pack
generation at your leisure.
3. You may want to insert a caching layer around
pack-objects; it is the most CPU- and memory-intensive
part of serving a fetch, and its output is a pure
function[1] of its input, making it an ideal place to
consolidate identical requests.
This patch adds a simple "hook" interface to intercept calls
to pack-objects. The new test demonstrates how it can be
used for debugging (using it for caching is a
straightforward extension; the tricky part is writing the
actual caching layer).
This hook is unlike the normal hook scripts found in the
"hooks/" directory of a repository. Because we promise that
upload-pack is safe to run in an untrusted repository, we
cannot execute arbitrary code or commands found in the
repository (neither in hooks/, nor in the config). So
instead, this hook is triggered from a config variable that
is explicitly ignored in the per-repo config.
The config variable holds the actual shell command to run as
the hook. Another approach would be to simply treat it as a
boolean: "should I respect the upload-pack hooks in this
repo?", and then run the script from "hooks/" as we usually
do. However, that isn't as flexible; there's no way to run a
hook approved by the site administrator (e.g., in
"/etc/gitconfig") on a repository whose contents are not
trusted. The approach taken by this patch is more
fine-grained, if a little less conventional for git hooks
(it does behave similar to other configured commands like
diff.external, etc).
[1] Pack-objects isn't _actually_ a pure function. Its
output depends on the exact packing of the object
database, and if multi-threading is used for delta
compression, can even differ racily. But for the
purposes of caching, that's OK; of the many possible
outputs for a given input, it is sufficient only that we
output one of them.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when
de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange
error message in a pathological corner case.
* sb/submodule-deinit-all:
submodule deinit: require '--all' instead of '.' for all submodules
"http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
* bn/http-cookiefile-config:
http: expand http.cookieFile as a path
Documentation: config: improve word ordering for http.cookieFile
Since `git worktree add` uses `git checkout` when `[<branch>]` is used,
and `git checkout -` is already supported, it makes sense to allow the
same shortcut in `git worktree add`.
Signed-off-by: Jordan DE GEA <jordan.de-gea@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Backticks are emphasized through monospaced styling in the HTML
version of Git documentation. But they were left unstyled in the
manual pages.
To make the man pages more comfortably read, `MAN_BOLD_LITERAL` was
added by 5121a6d (Documentation: option to render literal text as
bold for manpages, 2009-03-27). It allowed the user to build the
manpages with literals in bold style.
For precaution it was not set by default back then.
Since 79c461d (docs: default to more modern toolset, 2010-11-19), it
is assumed ASCIIDOC 8 and at least docbook-xsl 1.73 are used, so the
need for compatibility concern is much lessor now.
Remove `MAN_BOLD_LITERAL`, and typeset literals as bold by default .
Add `NO_MAN_BOLD_LITERAL`, a new Makefile option, disabling this
feature when defined.
Signed-off-by: Erwan MATHONIERE <erwan.mathoniere@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Samuel GROOT <samuel.groot@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Tom RUSSELLO <tom.russello@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu MOY <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Use the parse-options API rather than a hand-rolled option parser.
Description for --stateless-rpc and --advertise-refs come from
42526b4 (Add stateless RPC options to upload-pack,
receive-pack, 2009-10-30).
Signed-off-by: Antoine Queru <antoine.queru@grenoble-inp.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu.moy@grenoble-inp.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We forgot to add "git log --decorate=auto" to documentation when we
added the feature back in v2.1.0 timeframe.
* rj/log-decorate-auto:
log: document the --decorate=auto option
Most of the document mentions `behavior` instead of the British
variation, `behaviour`. This change makes it consistent.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Santiago Blum de Aguiar <scorphus@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
For those who use two-factor authentication with gmail, git-send-email
will not work unless it is setup with an app-specific password. The
example for setting up git-send-email for use with gmail will now
include information on generating and storing the app-specific password.
Signed-off-by: Michael Rappazzo <rappazzo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Sometimes the history of a submodule is not considered important by
the projects upstream. To make it easier for downstream users, allow
a boolean field 'submodule.<name>.shallow' in .gitmodules, which can
be used to recommend whether upstream considers the history important.
This field is honored in the initial clone by default, it can be
ignored by giving the `--no-recommend-shallow` option.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
customize this behaviour.
* js/windows-dotgit:
mingw: remove unnecessary definition
mingw: introduce the 'core.hideDotFiles' setting
Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
* kf/gpg-sig-verification-doc:
Documentation: clarify signature verification
Implement the GIT_TRACE_CURL environment variable to allow a
greater degree of detail of GIT_CURL_VERBOSE, in particular
the complete transport header and all the data payload exchanged.
It might be useful if a particular situation could require a more
thorough debugging analysis. Document the new GIT_TRACE_CURL
environment variable.
Helped-by: Torsten Bögershausen <tboegi@web.de>
Helped-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsayjones.plus.com>
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Helped-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Elia Pinto <gitter.spiros@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This is probably not the best order. But it makes it no-brainer to know
where to insert new commands. At some point we might want to reorder at
least the synopsis part again, grouping commonly use subcommands together.
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Find common mistakes when writing gitlink: in our documentation and
drive the check from "make check-docs".
I am not entirely happy with the way the script chooses what input
file to validate, but it is not worse than not having anything, so
let's move it forward and have the logic improved later when people
care about it deeply.
* jc/doc-lint:
ci: validate "linkgit:" in documentation
"git commit" learned to pay attention to "commit.verbose"
configuration variable and act as if "--verbose" option was
given from the command line.
* pb/commit-verbose-config:
commit: add a commit.verbose config variable
t7507-commit-verbose: improve test coverage by testing number of diffs
parse-options.c: make OPTION_COUNTUP respect "unspecified" values
t/t7507: improve test coverage
t0040-parse-options: improve test coverage
test-parse-options: print quiet as integer
t0040-test-parse-options.sh: fix style issues
"git format-patch" learned a new "--base" option to record what
(public, well-known) commit the original series was built on in
its output.
* xy/format-patch-base:
format-patch: introduce format.useAutoBase configuration
format-patch: introduce --base=auto option
format-patch: add '--base' option to record base tree info
patch-ids: make commit_patch_id() a public helper function
A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
* tb/core-eol-fix:
convert.c: ident + core.autocrlf didn't work
t0027: test cases for combined attributes
convert: allow core.autocrlf=input and core.eol=crlf
t0027: make commit_chk_wrnNNO() reliable
Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
* kf/gpg-sig-verification-doc:
Documentation: clarify signature verification
On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
customize this behaviour.
* js/windows-dotgit:
mingw: remove unnecessary definition
mingw: introduce the 'core.hideDotFiles' setting
Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when
de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange
error message in a pathological corner case.
* sb/submodule-deinit-all:
submodule deinit: require '--all' instead of '.' for all submodules
Consolidate description of tilde-expansion that is done to
configuration variables that take pathname to a single place.
* jc/config-pathname-type:
config: describe 'pathname' value type
"http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
* bn/http-cookiefile-config:
http: expand http.cookieFile as a path
Documentation: config: improve word ordering for http.cookieFile
A new configuration variable core.hooksPath allows customizing
where the hook directory is.
* ab/hooks:
hooks: allow customizing where the hook directory is
githooks.txt: minor improvements to the grammar & phrasing
githooks.txt: amend dangerous advice about 'update' hook ACL
githooks.txt: improve the intro section
"git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
variable, which was an ancient mistake. Rework "git rebase" that
relied on this mistake so that it reads commit.gpgsign and pass (or
not pass) the -S option to "git commit-tree" to keep the end-user
expectation the same, while teaching "git commit-tree" to ignore
the configuration variable. This will stop requiring the users to
sign commit objects used internally as an implementation detail of
"git stash".
* jc/commit-tree-ignore-commit-gpgsign:
commit-tree: do not pay attention to commit.gpgsign
Clarify that "merge --verify-signatures" checks the signature on the
tip commit of the history being merged.
Uniformise the vocabulary used wrt. key/signature validity with OpenPGP:
- a signature is valid if made by a key with a valid uid;
- in the default trust-model, a uid is valid if signed by a trusted key;
- a key is trusted if the (local) user set a trust level for it.
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Keller Fuchs <KellerFuchs@hashbang.sh>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
With many incremental imports, small packs become highly
inefficient due to the need to readdir scan and load many
indices to locate even a single object. Frequent repacking and
consolidation may be prohibitively expensive in terms of disk
I/O, especially in large repositories where the initial packs
were aggressively optimized and marked with .keep files.
In those cases, users may be better served with loose objects
and relying on "git gc --auto".
This changes the default behavior of fast-import for small
imports found in test cases, so adjustments to t9300 were
necessary.
Signed-off-by: Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
On Unix (and Linux), files and directories whose names start with a dot
are usually not shown by default. This convention is used by Git: the
.git/ directory should be left alone by regular users, and only accessed
through Git itself.
On Windows, no such convention exists. Instead, there is an explicit flag
to mark files or directories as hidden.
In the early days, Git for Windows did not mark the .git/ directory (or
for that matter, any file or directory whose name starts with a dot)
hidden. This lead to quite a bit of confusion, and even loss of data.
Consequently, Git for Windows introduced the core.hideDotFiles setting,
with three possible values: true, false, and dotGitOnly, defaulting to
marking only the .git/ directory as hidden.
The rationale: users do not need to access .git/ directly, and indeed (as
was demonstrated) should not really see that directory, either. However,
not all dot files should be hidden by default, as e.g. Eclipse does not
show them (and the user would therefore be unable to see, say, a
.gitattributes file).
In over five years since the last attempt to bring this patch into core
Git, a slightly buggy version of this patch has served Git for Windows'
users well: no single report indicated problems with the hidden .git/
directory, and the stream of problems caused by the previously non-hidden
.git/ directory simply stopped. The bugs have been fixed during the
process of getting this patch upstream.
Note that there is a funny quirk we have to pay attention to when
creating hidden files: we use Win32's _wopen() function which
transmogrifies its arguments and hands off to Win32's CreateFile()
function. That latter function errors out with ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED (the
equivalent of EACCES) when the equivalent of the O_CREAT flag was passed
and the file attributes (including the hidden flag) do not match an
existing file's. And _wopen() accepts no parameter that would be
transmogrified into said hidden flag. Therefore, we simply try again
without O_CREAT.
A slightly different method is required for our fopen()/freopen()
function as we cannot even *remove* the implicit O_CREAT flag.
Therefore, we briefly mark existing files as unhidden when opening them
via fopen()/freopen().
The ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED error can also be triggered by opening a file
that is marked as a system file (which is unlikely to be tracked in
Git), and by trying to create a file that has *just* been deleted and is
awaiting the last open handles to be released (which would be handled
better by the "Try again?" logic, a story for a different patch series,
though). In both cases, it does not matter much if we try again without
the O_CREAT flag, read: it does not hurt, either.
For details how ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED can be triggered, see
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa363858
Original-patch-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Initial-Test-By: Pat Thoyts <patthoyts@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
It is easy to add incorrect "linkgit:<page>[<section>]" references
to our documentation suite. Catch these common classes of errors:
* Referring to Documentation/<page>.txt that does not exist.
* Referring to a <page> outside the Git suite. In general, <page>
must begin with "git".
* Listing the manual <section> incorrectly. The first line of the
Documentation/<page>.txt must end with "(<section>)".
with a new script "ci/lint-gitlink", and drive it from "make check-docs".
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Add commit.verbose configuration variable as a convenience for those
who always prefer --verbose.
Add tests to check the behavior introduced by this commit and also to
verify that behavior of status doesn't break because of this commit.
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Pranit Bauva <pranit.bauva@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
There are a handful of incorrect "linkgit:<page>[<section>]"
instances in our documentation set.
* Some have an extra colon after "linkgit:"; fix them by removing
the extra colon;
* Some refer to a page outside the Git suite, namely curl(1); fix
them by using the `curl(1)` that already appears on the same page
for the same purpose of referring the readers to its manual page.
* Some spell the name of the page incorrectly, e.g. "rev-list" when
they mean "git-rev-list"; fix them.
* Some list the manual section incorrectly; fix them to make sure
they match what is at the top of the target of the link.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
HTTP transport clients learned to throw extra HTTP headers at the
server, specified via http.extraHeader configuration variable.
* js/http-custom-headers:
http: support sending custom HTTP headers
Many instances of duplicate words (e.g. "the the path") and
a few typoes are fixed, originally in multiple patches.
wildmatch: fix duplicate words of "the"
t: fix duplicate words of "output"
transport-helper: fix duplicate words of "read"
Git.pm: fix duplicate words of "return"
path: fix duplicate words of "look"
pack-protocol.txt: fix duplicate words of "the"
precompose-utf8: fix typo of "sequences"
split-index: fix typo
worktree.c: fix typo
remote-ext: fix typo
utf8: fix duplicate words of "the"
git-cvsserver: fix duplicate words
Signed-off-by: Li Peng <lip@dtdream.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
